{"id":112,"date":"2024-12-07T03:16:11","date_gmt":"2024-12-07T03:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/?page_id=112"},"modified":"2024-12-07T03:26:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-07T03:26:46","slug":"henderson-v-attorney-general-of-quebec-18-april-2018-qccs-1586-canlii-paragraphs-300-400","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/henderson-v-attorney-general-of-quebec-18-april-2018-qccs-1586-canlii-paragraphs-300-400\/","title":{"rendered":"Henderson v. Attorney General of Quebec, 18 April 2018 QCCS 1586 (CanLII)&nbsp;\u2014 Paragraphs 300-400"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/my.pcloud.com\/publink\/show?code=XZSuTBkZVndc3MHlFwurj3nxwI8E8kxNztEy\"><br \/>\n    <i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i> Download PDF<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" noshade>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:36px;line-height:36px;font-family:Lucida Grande, Lucida Sans Unicode, Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif;\">HABEAS CORPUS CANADA<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:22px;line-height:22px;font-family:Lucida Grande, Lucida Sans Unicode, Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif;\">The Official Legal Challenge To North American Union<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:12px;line-height:12px;font-family:Lucida Grande, Lucida Sans Unicode, Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif;\">QUEBEC IS BEING USED TO DISMANTLE CANADA INTO CITY-STATES IN THE NORTH AMERICAN REGION<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" noshade>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>Henderson<\/em> c. <em>Procureure g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Qu\u00e9bec<\/em> 2018 QCCS 1586<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><b>PARAGRAPHS 300-400<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/henderson-v-attorney-general-of-quebec-18-april-2018-qccs-1586-canlii-paragraphs-201-299\/\" title=\"Henderson v. Attorney General of Quebec, 18 April 2018 QCCS 1586 (CanLII)\">PREVIOUS PARAGRAPHS 201-299<\/a><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"100%\" noshade>\n<table class=\"MsoNormalTable\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style='border-collapse:collapse;'>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"311\" noshade><b>L&#8217;HONORABLE CLAUDE DALLAIRE,<br \/>J.C.S.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"311\" noshade>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"311\" noshade><b>THE HONORABLE CLAUDE DALLAIRE,<br \/>J.S.C.<\/b><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" width=\"311\" noshade>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>FRENCH ORIGINAL<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>NON-OFFICIAL ENGLISH<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3<\/b>&nbsp; <b>ETUDE DE LA LOI 99<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3<\/b>&nbsp; <b>STUDY OF BILL 99<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3.1<\/b>&nbsp; <b>Pr\u00e9sentation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et structure<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3.1<\/b>&nbsp; <b>General presentation and structure<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[300]<\/b>&nbsp; \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que la <i>Loi sur l&#8217;exercice des droits fondamentaux et des pr\u00e9rogatives du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et de l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec<\/i><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>137<\/sup><\/span> est assez courte, et que l&#8217;\u00e9tude ne peut porter que sur les seules dispositions contest\u00e9es, il est essentiel d&#8217;en citer le texte entier&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[300]<\/b>&nbsp; Given that the <i>Act respecting the exercise of the fundamental rights and prerogatives of the Qu\u00e9bec people and the Qu\u00e9bec State<\/i><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>137<\/sup><\/span> is rather brief, and that the study can only bear upon the contested provisions, it is essential to quote the whole text:\n  <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, majoritairement de langue fran\u00e7aise, poss\u00e8de des caract\u00e9ristiques propres et t\u00e9moigne d&#8217;une continuit\u00e9 historique enracin\u00e9e dans son territoire sur lequel il exerce ses droits par l&#8217;entremise d&#8217;un \u00c9tat national moderne dot\u00e9 d&#8217;un gouvernement, d&#8217;une assembl\u00e9e nationale et de tribunaux ind\u00e9pendants et impartiaux;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the Quebec people, in the majority French-speaking, possesses specific characteristics and a deep-rooted historical continuity in a territory over which it exercises its rights through a modern national state, having a government, a national assembly and impartial and independent courts of justice;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec est fond\u00e9 sur des assises constitutionnelles qu&#8217;il a enrichies au cours des ans par l&#8217;adoption de plusieurs lois fondamentales et par la cr\u00e9ation d&#8217;institutions d\u00e9mocratiques qui lui sont propres;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the constitutional foundation of the Qu\u00e9bec State has been enriched over the years by the passage of fundamental laws and the creation of democratic institutions specific to Quebec;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>136.<\/b> <u><i>Renvoi relatif \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme du S\u00e9nat<\/i>, [2014] 1 R.C.S. 704<\/u>, par. 46-48.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>137.<\/b> <u>RLRQ C. E-20.2.<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>136.<\/b> <u><i>Reference re Senate Reform<\/i>, 2014 SCC 32 (CanLII), [2014] 1 SCR 704<\/u>, at paras. 46-48.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>137.<\/b> <u>CQLR C. E-20.2.<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 47<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT l&#8217;entr\u00e9e du Qu\u00e9bec dans la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration canadienne en 1867;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS Quebec entered the Canadian federation in 1867;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT l&#8217;engagement r\u00e9solu du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 respecter les droits et libert\u00e9s de la personne;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS Qu\u00e9bec is firmly committed to respecting human rights and freedoms;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT l&#8217;existence au sein du Qu\u00e9bec des nations ab\u00e9naquise, algonquine, attikamek, crie, huronne, innue, mal\u00e9cite, micmaque, mohawk, naskapi et inuit et les principes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 cette reconnaissance \u00e9nonc\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9solution du 20 mars 1985 de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale, notamment leur droit \u00e0 l&#8217;autonomie au sein du Qu\u00e9bec;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the Abenaki, Algonquin, Attikamek, Cree, Huron, Innu, Malecite, Micmac, Mohawk, Naskapi and Inuit Nations exist within Quebec, and whereas the principles associated with that recognition were set out in the resolution adopted by the National Assembly on 20 March 1985, in particular their right to autonomy within Quebec;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT l&#8217;existence d&#8217;une communaut\u00e9 qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise d&#8217;expression anglaise jouissant de droits consacr\u00e9s;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS there exists a Qu\u00e9bec English-speaking community that enjoys long-established rights;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que le Qu\u00e9bec reconna\u00eet l&#8217;apport des Qu\u00e9b\u00e9coises et des Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de toute origine \u00e0 son d\u00e9veloppement;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS Quebec recognizes the contribution made by Quebecers of all origins to its development;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale est compos\u00e9e de d\u00e9put\u00e9s \u00e9lus au suffrage universel par le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et qu&#8217;elle tient sa l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de ce peuple dont elle constitue le seul organe l\u00e9gislatif qui lui soit propre;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the National Assembly is composed of Members elected by universal suffrage by the Quebec people and derives its legitimacy from the Qu\u00e9bec people in that it is the only legislative body exclusively representing the Qu\u00e9bec people;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT qu&#8217;il incombe \u00e0 l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale, en tant que d\u00e9positaire des droits et des pouvoirs historiques et inali\u00e9nables du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, de le d\u00e9fendre contre toute tentative de l&#8217;en spolier ou d&#8217;y porter atteinte;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS it is incumbent upon the National Assembly, as the guardian of the historical and inalienable rights and powers of the Quebec people, to defend the Quebec people against any attempt to despoil it of those rights or powers or to undermine them;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale n&#8217;a pas adh\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la <em>Loi constitutionnelle de 1982<\/em>, adopt\u00e9e malgr\u00e9 son opposition;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the National Assembly has never adhered to the Constitution Act, 1982, which was enacted despite its opposition;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que le Qu\u00e9bec fait face \u00e0 une politique du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral visant \u00e0 remettre en cause la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9, l&#8217;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 et le bon fonctionnement de ses institutions d\u00e9mocratiques nationales, notamment par l&#8217;adoption et la proclamation de la <em>Loi donnant effet \u00e0 l&#8217;exigence de clart\u00e9 formul\u00e9e par la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada dans son avis sur le Renvoi sur la s\u00e9cession du Qu\u00e9bec<\/em> (Lois du Canada, 2000, chapitre 26);<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS Quebec is facing a policy of the federal government designed to call into question the legitimacy, integrity and efficient operation of its national democratic institutions, notably by the passage and proclamation of the <em>Act to give effect to the requirement for clarity as set out in the opinion of the Supreme Court of Canada in the Qu\u00e9bec Secession Reference<\/em> (Statutes of Canada, 2000, chapter 26);<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT qu&#8217;il y a lieu de r\u00e9affirmer le principe fondamental en vertu duquel le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois est libre d&#8217;assumer son propre destin, de d\u00e9terminer son statut politique et d&#8217;assurer son d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique, social et culturel;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS it is necessary to reaffirm the fundamental principle that the Quebec people is free to take charge of its own destiny, determine its political status and pursue its economic, social and cultural development;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT que, par le pass\u00e9, ce principe a trouv\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises application, plus particuli\u00e8rement lors des r\u00e9f\u00e9rendums tenus en 1980, 1992 et 1995;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS this principle has applied on several occasions in the past, notably in the referendums held in 1980, 1992 and 1995;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT l&#8217;avis consultatif rendu par la Cour supr\u00eame du Canada le 20 ao\u00fbt 1998 et la reconnaissance par le gouvernement du Qu\u00e9bec de son importance politique;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS the Supreme Court of Canada rendered an advisory opinion on 20 August 1998, and considering the recognition by the Government of Quebec of its political importance;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">CONSID\u00c9RANT qu&#8217;il est n\u00e9cessaire de r\u00e9affirmer les acquis collectifs du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, les responsabilit\u00e9s de l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec ainsi que les droits et les pr\u00e9rogatives de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9gard de toute question relative \u00e0 l&#8217;avenir de ce peuple;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">WHEREAS it is necessary to reaffirm the collective attainments of the Qu\u00e9bec people, the responsibilities of the Qu\u00e9bec State and the rights and prerogatives of the National Assembly with respect to all matters affecting the future of the Qu\u00e9bec people;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">LE PARLEMENT DU QU\u00c9BEC D\u00c9CR\u00c8TE CE QUI SUIT:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">THE PARLIAMENT OF QU\u00c9BEC ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46.<br \/><b>CHAPITRE I<\/b><br \/>DU PEUPLE QU\u00c9B\u00c9COIS<br \/>2000, c.46, a. 1.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46.<br \/><b>CHAPTER I<\/b><br \/>THE QU\u00c9BEC PEOPLE<br \/>2000, c. 46, s. 1.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>1.<\/b>&nbsp; Le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois peut, en fait et en droit, disposer de lui-m\u00eame. Il est titulaire des droits universellement reconnus en vertu du principe de l&#8217;\u00e9galit\u00e9 de droits des peuples et de leur droit \u00e0 disposer d&#8217;eux-m\u00eames.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 1.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>1.<\/b>&nbsp; The right of the Quebec people to self-determination is founded in fact and in law. The Quebec people is the holder of rights that are universally recognized under the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 1.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>2.<\/b>&nbsp; Le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois a le droit inali\u00e9nable de choisir librement le r\u00e9gime politique et le statut juridique du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 2.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>2.<\/b>&nbsp; The Qu\u00e9bec people has the inalienable right to freely decide the political regime and legal status of Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 2.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>3.<\/b>&nbsp; Le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois d\u00e9termine seul, par l&#8217;entremise des institutions politiques qui lui appartiennent en propre, les modalit\u00e9s de l&#8217;exercice de son droit de choisir le r\u00e9gime politique et le statut juridique du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 2.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">\n  <\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>3.<\/b>&nbsp; The Qu\u00e9bec people, acting through its own political institutions, shall determine alone the mode of exercise of its right to choose the political regime and legal status of Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 3.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Toute condition ou modalit\u00e9 d&#8217;exercice de ce droit, notamment la consultation du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois par un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum, n&#8217;a d&#8217;effet que si elle est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e suivant le premier alin\u00e9a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 3.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">No condition or mode of exercise of that right, in particular the consultation of the Quebec people by way of a referendum, shall have effect unless determined in accordance with the first paragraph.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 3.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>4.<\/b>&nbsp; Lorsque le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois est consult\u00e9 par un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum tenu en vertu de la Loi sur la consultation populaire (chapitre C-64.1), l&#8217;option gagnante est celle qui obtient la majorit\u00e9 des votes d\u00e9clar\u00e9s valides, soit 50% de ces votes plus un vote.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 4.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>4.<\/b>&nbsp; When the Quebec people is consulted by way of a referendum under the Referendum Act, the winning option is the option that obtains a majority of the valid votes cast, namely fifty percent of the valid votes cast plus one.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 4.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPITRE II<\/b><br \/>DE L&#8217;\u00c9TAT NATIONAL DU QU\u00c9BEC<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPTER II<\/b><br \/>THE QU\u00c9BEC NATIONAL STATE<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>5.<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec tient sa l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de la volont\u00e9 du peuple qui habite son territoire.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>5.<\/b>&nbsp; The Quebec State derives its legitimacy from the will of the people inhabiting its territory.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Cette volont\u00e9 s&#8217;exprime par l&#8217;\u00e9lection au suffrage universel de d\u00e9put\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale, \u00e0 vote \u00e9gal et au scrutin secret en vertu de la Loi \u00e9lectorale (chapitre E-3.3) ou lors de r\u00e9f\u00e9rendums tenus en vertu de la Loi sur la consultation populaire (chapitre C-64.1).<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The will of the people is expressed through the election of Members to the National Assembly by universal suffrage, by secret ballot under the one person, one vote system pursuant to the Election Act, and through referendums held pursuant to the Referendum Act.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">La qualit\u00e9 d&#8217;\u00e9lecteur est \u00e9tablie selon les dispositions de la Loi \u00e9lectorale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Qualification as an elector is governed by the provisions of the Election Act.<br \/>\n2000, c. 46, s. 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>6.<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec est souverain dans les domaines de comp\u00e9tence qui sont les siens dans le cadre des lois et des conventions de nature constitutionnelle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>6.<\/b>&nbsp; The Quebec State is sovereign in the areas assigned to its jurisdiction within the scope of constitutional laws and conventions.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Il est \u00e9galement d\u00e9tenteur au nom du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de tout droit \u00e9tabli \u00e0 son avantage en vertu d&#8217;une convention ou d&#8217;une obligation constitutionnelle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The Quebec State also holds, on behalf of the Quebec people, any right established to its advantage pursuant to a constitutional convention or obligation.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Il est \u00e9galement d\u00e9tenteur au nom du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de tout droit \u00e9tabli \u00e0 son avantage en vertu d&#8217;une convention ou d&#8217;une obligation constitutionnelle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The Quebec State also holds, on behalf of the Quebec people, any right established to its advantage pursuant to a constitutional convention or obligation.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Le gouvernement a le devoir de soutenir l&#8217;exercice de ces pr\u00e9rogatives et de d\u00e9fendre en tout temps et partout leur int\u00e9grit\u00e9, y compris sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 6.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">It is the duty of the Government to uphold the exercise and defend the integrity of those prerogatives, at all times and in all places, including on the international scene.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 6.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>7.<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec est libre de consentir \u00e0 \u00eatre li\u00e9 par tout trait\u00e9, convention ou entente internationale qui touche \u00e0 sa comp\u00e9tence constitutionnelle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>7.<\/b>&nbsp; The Quebec State is free to consent to be bound by any treaty, convention or international agreement in matters under its constitutional jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Dans ses domaines de comp\u00e9tence, aucun trait\u00e9, convention ou entente ne peut l&#8217;engager \u00e0 moins qu&#8217;il n&#8217;ait formellement signifi\u00e9 son consentement \u00e0 \u00eatre li\u00e9 par la voix de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale ou du gouvernement selon les dispositions de la loi.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">No treaty, convention or agreement in the areas under its jurisdiction may be binding on the Quebec State unless the consent of the Quebec State to be bound has been formally expressed by the National Assembly or the Government, subject to the applicable legislative provisions.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Il peut \u00e9galement, dans ses domaines de comp\u00e9tence, \u00e9tablir et poursuivre des relations avec des \u00c9tats \u00e9trangers et des organisations internationales et assurer sa repr\u00e9sentation \u00e0 l&#8217;ext\u00e9rieur du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 7.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The Quebec State may, in the areas under its jurisdiction, establish and maintain relations with foreign States and international organizations and ensure its representation outside Quebec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 7.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec doit favoriser la qualit\u00e9 et le rayonnement de la langue fran\u00e7aise. Il poursuit ces objectifs avec un esprit de justice et d&#8217;ouverture, dans le respect des droits consacr\u00e9s de la communaut\u00e9 qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise d&#8217;expression anglaise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 8.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The Quebec State must promote the quality and influence of the French language. It shall pursue those objectives in a spirit of fairness and open-mindedness, respectful of the long-established rights of Quebec&#8217;s English-speaking community.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 8.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPITRE III<\/b><br \/>DU TERRITOIRE QU\u00c9B\u00c9COIS<br \/>2000, c.46, a. 9.\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPTER III<\/b><br \/>THE TERRITORY OF QUEBEC<br \/>2000, c. 46, s. 9.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>9.<\/b>&nbsp; Le territoire du Qu\u00e9bec et ses fronti\u00e8res ne peuvent \u00eatre modifi\u00e9s qu&#8217;avec le consentement de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>9.<\/b>&nbsp; The territory of Quebec and its boundaries cannot be altered except with the consent of the National Assembly.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Le gouvernement doit veiller au maintien et au respect de l&#8217;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c.46, a. 9.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The Government must ensure that the territorial integrity of Qu\u00e9bec is maintained and respected.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 9.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>10.<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec exerce sur le territoire qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et au nom du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois tous les pouvoirs li\u00e9s \u00e0 sa comp\u00e9tence et au domaine public qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>10.<\/b>&nbsp; The Quebec State exercises, throughout the territory of Quebec and on behalf of the Quebec people, all the powers relating to its jurisdiction and to the Quebec public domain.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">L&#8217;\u00c9tat peut am\u00e9nager, d\u00e9velopper et administrer ce territoire et plus particuli\u00e8rement en confier l&#8217;administration d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9e \u00e0 des entit\u00e9s locales ou r\u00e9gionales mandat\u00e9es par lui, le tout conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la loi. Il favorise la prise en charge de leur d\u00e9veloppement par les collectivit\u00e9s locales et r\u00e9gionales.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 10.\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">The State may develop and administer the territory of Quebec and, more specifically, delegate authority to administer the territory to local or regional mandated entities, as provided by law.&nbsp; the Slate shall encourage local and regional communities to take responsibility for their development.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 10.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPITRE IV<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 11.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPTER IV<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 11.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">DES NATIONS AUTOCHTONES DU QU\u00c9BEC<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 11.\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">THE ABORIGINAL NATIONS OF<br \/>QUEBEC<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>11.<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec reconna\u00eet, dans l&#8217;exercice de ses comp\u00e9tences constitutionnelles, les droits existants&nbsp;\u2014 ancestraux ou issus de trait\u00e9s&nbsp;\u2014 des nations autochtones du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 11.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>11.<\/b>&nbsp; In exercising its constitutional jurisdiction, the Quebec State recognizes the existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal nations of Quebec.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 11.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>12.<\/b>&nbsp; Le gouvernement s\u2019engage \u00e0 promouvoir l\u2019\u00e9tablissement et le maintien de relations harmonieuses avec ces nations et \u00e0 favoriser leur d\u00e9veloppement ainsi que l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de leurs conditions \u00e9conomiques, sociales et culturelles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 12.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>12.<\/b>&nbsp; The Government undertakes to promote the establishment and maintenance of harmonious relations with the aboriginal nations, and to foster their development and an improvement in their economic, social and cultural conditions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 12.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPITRE V<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>CHAPTER V<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">DISPOSITIONS FINALES<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">FINAL PROVISIONS<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>13.<\/b>&nbsp; Aucun autre parlement ou gouvernement ne peut r\u00e9duire les pouvoirs, l\u2019autorit\u00e9, la souverainet\u00e9 et la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale ni contraindre la volont\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e0 disposer lui-m\u00eame de son avenir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>13.<\/b>&nbsp; No other parliament or government may reduce the powers, authority, sovereignty or legitimacy of the National Assembly, or impose constraint on the democratic will of the Qu\u00e9bec people to determine its own future.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 13.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>14.<\/b>&nbsp; (<em>Omis<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, a. 14.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><b>14.<\/b>&nbsp; (<em>Omitted<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">2000, c. 46, s. 14.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">ANNEXE ABROGATIVE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">REPEAL SCHEDULE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019article 9 de la Loi sur la refonte des lois et des r\u00e8glements (chapitre R\u20103), le chapitre 46 des lois de 2000, tel qu\u2019en vigueur le 1<sup>er<\/sup> avril 2001, \u00e0 l\u2019exception de l\u2019article 14, est abrog\u00e9 \u00e0 compter de l\u2019entr\u00e9e en vigueur du chapitre E-20.2 des Lois refondues.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">In accordance with section 9 of the Act respecting the consolidation of the statutes and regulations (chapter R\u20103), chapter 46 of the statutes of 2000, in force on 1 April 2001, is repealed, except section 14, effective from the coming into force of chapter E-20.2 of the Revised Statutes.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[301]<\/b>&nbsp; Comme les arguments ne portent pas sp\u00e9cialement sur la diff\u00e9rence entre le sens \u00e0 donner \u00e0 un mot ou \u00e0 un autre selon l&#8217;une ou l&#8217;autre des versions officielles, la version anglaise de la <em>Loi<\/em> est en annexe au jugement, aux fins de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[301]<\/b>&nbsp; As the arguments do not especially address the difference between the significance to be given to one word or another in either of the official versions, the English version of the <i>Act<\/i> is annexed to this judgment for reference purposes.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[302]<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;\u00e9tude d\u00e9bute par l&#8217;\u00e9tude du titre de la <i>Loi<\/i>, puisqu&#8217;il fournit trois indices importants sur le but et la mati\u00e8re vis\u00e9s&nbsp;:&nbsp; il y est question d&#8217;exercice de droits fondamentaux et de pr\u00e9rogatives qui visent le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et les institutions qui le repr\u00e9sentent.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[302]<\/b>&nbsp; The study begins by examining the title of the <i>Act<\/i>, as it provides three important clues to its purpose and subject matter:&nbsp; it refers to the exercise of fundamental rights and prerogatives belonging to the Quebec people and the institutions that represent it.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[303]<\/b>&nbsp; Contrairement \u00e0 d&#8217;autres textes l\u00e9gislatifs ant\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 la <i>Loi 99<\/i>,<sup>138<\/sup> le titre de la <i>Loi<\/i> n&#8217;indique pas qu&#8217;elle porte sur l&#8217;avenir du Qu\u00e9bec ou sur le droit de faire s\u00e9cession.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[303]<\/b>&nbsp; Unlike other pieces of legislation prior to <i>Bill 99<\/i>,<sup>138<\/sup> the title of the <i>Act<\/i> does not indicate that it relates to the future of Quebec or the right to secede.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[304]<\/b>&nbsp; Le l\u00e9gislateur ne parlant pas pour ne rien dire, s&#8217;il choisit ces mots forts \u00ab&nbsp;droits fondamentaux&nbsp;\u00bb et \u00ab&nbsp;pr\u00e9rogatives&nbsp;\u00bb, qu&#8217;il les associe \u00e0 deux entit\u00e9s distinctes, mais<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[304]<\/b>&nbsp; Since the legislator does not waste words, if it chooses these strong words, \u201cfundamental rights\u201d and \u201cprerogatives\u201d, this is because it associates them with two distinct, but<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>138.<\/b>&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/my.pcloud.com\/publink\/show?code=XZO7TBkZiEDca5hk0AfLiS8aVNhqMmx2YJx7\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><em>Loi sur l&#8217;avenir du Qu\u00e9bec<\/em><\/u><\/a>, \u00e0 titre d&#8217;exemple.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>138.<\/b>&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/my.pcloud.com\/publink\/show?code=XZkkTBkZqh1a1X92aBJVJLE5IIkk98rvW6Ak\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><em>An Act respecting the future of Qu\u00e9bec<\/em><\/u><\/a>, for example.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">compl\u00e9mentaires, \u00ab&nbsp;le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb et \u00ab&nbsp;l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb, et qu&#8217;il est question d&#8217;exercice desdits droits et pr\u00e9rogatives, on ne peut qu&#8217;y voir une loi \u00e0 caract\u00e8re solennel dont le message fort pointe vers ce qui s&#8217;apparente en tous points \u00e0 une charte constituante.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">complementary entities, \u201cthe Quebec people\u201d and \u201cthe Quebec State\u201d, and as it is a question of the exercise of these rights and prerogatives, one cannot but see in this a law solemn in character whose very message points to what is, in all respects, a Constituent Charter.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[305]<\/b>&nbsp; De plus, s&#8217;il choisit de ne pas parler de s\u00e9cession ou d&#8217;avenir dans le titre, le choix de mots doit aussi porter \u00e0 cons\u00e9quence dans ce qu&#8217;il ne cherchait pas \u00e0 accomplir par cette <i>Loi<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[305]<\/b>&nbsp; Moreover, if it chooses not to speak of secession or of the future in its title, the choice of words must also be of consequence as to what it did not seek to accomplish by this <i>Law.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[306]<\/b>&nbsp; Vient ensuite la note explicative qui se trouve au d\u00e9but de la version r\u00e9imprim\u00e9e, qui circonscrit bien \u00e0 notre avis le but et la mati\u00e8re vis\u00e9s, en apportant aussi des pr\u00e9cisions suppl\u00e9mentaires, en terme de vocabulaire et d&#8217;id\u00e9es importantes&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[306]<\/b>&nbsp; Then comes the explanatory note found at the beginning of the reprinted version, which, in our view, well confines the intended purpose and subject matter, with supplementary details in terms of vocabulary and leading ideas:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Ce projet de loi <u><b>r\u00e9affirme<\/b> les droits fondamentaux ainsi que les pr\u00e9rogatives du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et de l&#8217;Etat du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/u><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">This bill <u><b>reaffirms<\/b> the fundamental rights and prerogatives of the Quebec people and the Quebec State<\/u>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><u>Le projet de loi pr\u00e9voit entre autres<\/u> que <u>le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois a le droit inali\u00e9nable de choisir librement<\/u> le r\u00e9gime politique et le statut juridique du Qu\u00e9bec <u>et<\/u> qu&#8217;il <u>d\u00e9termine seul, par l&#8217;entremise des institutions<\/u> politiques qui lui appartiennent en propre, <u>les modalit\u00e9s de l&#8217;exercice de ce droit<\/u>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><u>The bill provides, among other things<\/u>, that <u>the Quebec people has the inalienable right to freely choose<\/u> the political system and legal status of Quebec <u>and<\/u> that it <u>alone determines, through<\/u> political <u>institutions<\/u> that belong to it, <u>the criteria for the exercise of this right<\/u>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\"><u>Il \u00e9tablit<\/u> en outre <u>qu&#8217;aucun autre parlement ou gouvernement ne peut r\u00e9duire<\/u> les pouvoirs, l&#8217;autorit\u00e9, <u>la souverainet\u00e9<\/u> et la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de <u>l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/u> <u>ni contraindre la volont\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e0 disposer lui-m\u00eame de son avenir<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:right;\">(<em>Nos soulignements et notre emphase<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Again, <u>it establishes<\/u> <u>that no other parliament or government can reduce<\/u> the powers, authority, <u>sovereignty<\/u> and legitimacy of <u>the National Assembly or constrain the democratic will of the Quebec people to determine their own future<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:right;\">(<em>Our underlining and our emphasis<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[307]<\/b>&nbsp; Les trois paragraphes de cette note transmettent chacun un message diff\u00e9rent, mais compl\u00e9mentaire.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[307]<\/b>&nbsp; Each of the three paragraphs of this note conveys a different but complementary message.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[308]<\/b>&nbsp; Dans le premier, il est question de r\u00e9affirmer des choses et non d&#8217;en instituer de nouvelles.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[308]<\/b>&nbsp; In the first, it is a question of reaffirming things and not of instituting new things.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[309]<\/b>&nbsp; M\u00eame si nous ne sommes pas encore \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9tape de l&#8217;analyse du texte de la <em>Loi<\/em>, l&#8217;on ne peut ignorer la th\u00e9matique portant sur le choix du mot \u00abr\u00e9affirme\u00bb, non seulement dans la note, mais \u00e0 plusieurs autres endroits dans la <em>Loi<\/em> ni la non-utilisation des mots \u00abcr\u00e9e\u00bb ou \u00abinstitue\u00bb, comme le l\u00e9gislateur le fait pourtant ailleurs, dans de nombreux autres textes de lois, lorsqu&#8217;il d\u00e9sire se livrer \u00e0 un exercice de cr\u00e9ation l\u00e9gislative.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[309]<\/b>&nbsp; Even if we are not yet at the step of analyzing the text of the Act, we cannot ignore the thematic calling attention to the choice of the word \u201creaffirms\u201d, not only in the note, but in several other places in the <i>Act<\/i>, nor the non-use of the words \u201ccreates\u201d or \u201cinstitutes,\u201d as the legislator does elsewhere, in many other statutes, when it wishes to engage in an exercise of legislative creation.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[310]<\/b>&nbsp; Cela donne le ton.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[310]<\/b>&nbsp; That sets the tone.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[311]<\/b>&nbsp; Dans le jugement rendu sur l&#8217;irrecevabilit\u00e9 du recours du citoyen Henderson, le juge Michel C\u00f4t\u00e9 a reconnu que la <em>Loi 99<\/em> \u00ab&nbsp;a pour seul objet de r\u00e9affirmer certains droits<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[311]<\/b>&nbsp; In the judgment rendered on the inadmissibility of Citizen Henderson&#8217;s recourse, Justice Michel C\u00f4t\u00e9 acknowledged that <em>Bill 99<\/em> \u201cis only intended to reaffirm certain fundamental rights <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">fondamentaux du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, de m\u00eame que les responsabilit\u00e9s pour l&#8217;\u00c9tat qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;(&#8230;)&nbsp;\u00bb<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>139<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">of the Quebec people, as well as the responsibilities of the Quebec State (&#8230;).\u201d<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>139<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[312]<\/b>&nbsp; M\u00eame si son jugement a \u00e9t\u00e9 infirm\u00e9 par la Cour d&#8217;appel, il ne l&#8217;a \u00e9t\u00e9 que sur la base des principes applicables \u00e0 une demande d&#8217;irrecevabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[312]<\/b>&nbsp; Even though his judgment was overturned by the Court of Appeal, it was only on the basis of principles applicable to an application for inadmissibility.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[313]<\/b>&nbsp; Nous sommes d&#8217;avis que la conclusion cit\u00e9e du juge C\u00f4t\u00e9 produit toujours des effets juridiques pertinents dans le cadre de l&#8217;appr\u00e9ciation que nous devons faire du m\u00e9rite du dossier.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[313]<\/b>&nbsp; In our view, Judge C\u00f4t\u00e9\u2019s quoted conclusion continues to produce relevant legal effects in the framework of the assessment we must make of the merits of the record.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[314]<\/b>&nbsp; Le Tribunal ne se sent pas n\u00e9cessairement li\u00e9 par un jugement rendu \u00e0 une phase pr\u00e9liminaire, car il est \u00e9vident que lorsqu&#8217;ils plaident une demande de rejet, notamment pour d\u00e9faut d&#8217;int\u00e9r\u00eat juridique, les plaideurs ne sortent pas n\u00e9cessairement tout l&#8217;arsenal de leurs arguments pour faire valoir le bien-fond\u00e9 de leur th\u00e8se sur le fond du dossier, puisque ce n&#8217;est pas le forum ad\u00e9quat pour compl\u00e9ter l&#8217;exercice sur le fond.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[314]<\/b>&nbsp; The Tribunal does not necessarily feel bound by a judgment rendered at a preliminary stage, since it is obvious that when they plead an application to dismiss, in particular for want of legal interest, the litigants do not necessarily unpack their whole arsenal of arguments to debate the merits of their case on the basis of the file, as that is not the appropriate forum to complete the exercise on the merits.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[315]<\/b>&nbsp; Les commentaires sont donc pertinents, mais ils ne suffisent pas pour disposer du recours.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[315]<\/b>&nbsp; The commentary is thus pertinent, but does not suffice to dispose of the recourse.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[316]<\/b>&nbsp; Les deuxi\u00e8me et troisi\u00e8me paragraphes de la note explicative <em>pr\u00e9voient<\/em> et <em>\u00e9tablissent<\/em> certains de ces droits fondamentaux et pr\u00e9rogatives.&nbsp; Certains portent sur le peuple et d&#8217;autres, sur les institutions qui repr\u00e9sentent ce peuple.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[316]<\/b>&nbsp; The second and third paragraphs of the explanatory note <em>provide for<\/em> and <em>establish<\/em> some of these fundamental rights and prerogatives.&nbsp; Some relate to the people and others to the institutions that represent this people.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[317]<\/b>&nbsp; La th\u00e9matique en deux volets est tr\u00e8s bien r\u00e9sum\u00e9e.&nbsp; Rien n&#8217;indique quoi que ce soit relativement \u00e0 la facult\u00e9 de faire s\u00e9cession unilat\u00e9ralement par l&#8217;un ou l&#8217;autre du peuple ou des institutions qui le repr\u00e9sentent, m\u00eame si ce qui est \u00e9nonc\u00e9 \u00e0 leur sujet respectif v\u00e9hicule une id\u00e9e forte.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[317]<\/b>&nbsp; The two-part theme is very well summarized.&nbsp; Nothing at all is said about the ability to unilaterally secede by one or the other of the people or the institutions that represent it, even though what is stated about them conveys a strong idea.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[318]<\/b>&nbsp; C&#8217;est ensuite \u00e0 la structure de la <em>Loi<\/em> de fournir des indices additionnels sur le contenu de la <em>Loi<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[318]<\/b>&nbsp; The structure of the <em>Act<\/em> must then provide additional clues about the content of the <em>Act<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[319]<\/b>&nbsp; Nous y trouvons deux grandes sections; la premi\u00e8re, compos\u00e9e d&#8217;un long pr\u00e9ambule de 15 paragraphes (les consid\u00e9rants), et la deuxi\u00e8me, comportant seulement 14 articles&nbsp;<sup>140<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[319]<\/b>&nbsp; Here we find two large sections:&nbsp; the first, consisting of a long preamble of 15 paragraphs (the recitals), and the second, comprising only 14 articles.<sup>140<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[320]<\/b>&nbsp; Le l\u00e9gislateur a m\u00eame cru bon subdiviser la deuxi\u00e8me partie en 5 chapitres, qui comportent entre 2 et 4 articles chacun.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[320]<\/b>&nbsp; The legislator has even thought it good to subdivide the second part into five subdivisions, each containing between two and four sections.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[321]<\/b>&nbsp; Ces chapitres sont coiff\u00e9s de titres r\u00e9v\u00e9lateurs sur la mati\u00e8re vis\u00e9e ainsi que sur leur importance&nbsp;:&nbsp; Le premier&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;Du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb; 4 articles, le deuxi\u00e8me&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;De l&#8217;\u00c9tat national du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb; 4 articles, le troisi\u00e8me&nbsp;:&nbsp; \u00ab&nbsp;Du territoire du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb; 2 articles, le<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[321]<\/b>&nbsp; These subdivisions are capped with titles revelatory of the subject matter pointed to, and of their importance:&nbsp; First:&nbsp; \u201cThe Quebec People,\u201d 4 sections; second:&nbsp; \u201cThe Quebec National State,\u201d 4 sections; third:&nbsp; \u201cThe Territory of Quebec.\u201d 2 sections;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>139.<\/b>&nbsp; Jugement du juge C\u00f4t\u00e9 en 2002.&nbsp; Voir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/qccs\/doc\/2002\/2002canlii527\/2002canlii527.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Henderson<\/i> c. <i>Procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du Qu\u00e9bec<\/i>, 2002 CanLII 527 (QC CS)<\/u><\/a>, pages 19 \u00e0 22.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>140.<\/b>&nbsp; Le dernier ne couvrant que la mise en vigueur de la <i>Loi<\/i>.<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>139.<\/b>&nbsp; Judge C\u00f4t\u00e9&#8217;s judgment in 2002.&nbsp; See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/qccs\/doc\/2002\/2002canlii527\/2002canlii527.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Henderson<\/i> v. <i>Attorney General of Quebec<\/i>, 2002 CanLII 527 (QC CS)<\/u><\/a>, pages 19 to 22.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>140.<\/b>&nbsp; The last covers only the coming into force of the <i>Act<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">quatri\u00e8me&nbsp;:&nbsp; \u00abDes nations autochtones du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb; 2 articles et le cinqui\u00e8me&nbsp;:&nbsp; \u00abDispositions finales\u00bb; 2 articles.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">fourth:&nbsp; \u201cThe Aboriginal Nations of Quebec\u201d, 2 sections, and fifth:&nbsp; \u201cFinal Provisions\u201d:&nbsp; 2 sections.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[322]<\/b>&nbsp; Dans 4 des 5 chapitres, nous trouvons plusieurs ingr\u00e9dients du slogan qui pourrait se r\u00e9sumer par \u00ab<i>Ma\u00eetre chez nous<\/i>\u00bb&nbsp;:&nbsp; les composantes humaines, l&#8217;identit\u00e9 des personnes et des organismes qui exercent les droits de toute la population qui habite le territoire du Qu\u00e9bec, leurs pouvoirs respectifs, de m\u00eame que la dimension territoriale.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[322]<\/b>&nbsp; In 4 of the 5 subdivisions, we find several ingredients of the slogan that might be summed up as \u201c<em>Masters in our own house<\/em>\u201d:&nbsp; the human components, the identity of the people and of the bodies  that exercise the rights of the whole population inhabiting the Quebec territory, their respective powers, as well as the territorial dimension.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[323]<\/b>&nbsp; Non seulement les sujets identifi\u00e9s dans ces chapitres portent sur des choses fondamentales, mais le fait que le l\u00e9gislateur ait mis autant de titres pour attirer l&#8217;attention sur ceux-ci et qu&#8217;il ait ins\u00e9r\u00e9 si peu d&#8217;articles dans chacun, confirme le caract\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et solennel qu&#8217;il voulait donner \u00e0 la <em>Loi 99<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[323]<\/b>&nbsp; Not only do the topics identified in these subdivisions bear upon things fundamental, but the fact that the legislator used so many titles to draw attention to them and inserted so few sections under each, confirms the general and solemn character intended to be given to <i>Law 99<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[324]<\/b>&nbsp; M\u00eame le titre du dernier chapitre, qui est le plus laconique, a son importance, puisqu&#8217;il chapeaute l&#8217;article 13, qui r\u00e9sume tr\u00e8s bien l&#8217;essentiel du message l\u00e9gislatif v\u00e9hicul\u00e9 par chacun des articles de la <em>Loi<\/em>, au final, histoire de s&#8217;assurer que le reste du contenu de la <em>Loi<\/em> soit sans \u00e9quivoque&nbsp;:&nbsp; personne ne r\u00e9duira la souverainet\u00e9 de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale et ne viendra contraindre la volont\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e0 disposer lui-m\u00eame de son avenir.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[324]<\/b>&nbsp; Even the title of the final subdivision, which is the most brief and to-the-point, is important because it caps section 13, which quite well summarizes, at the end, the essence of the legislative message conveyed by each of the sections of the <i>Act<\/i>, to ensure that the rest of the content of the <i>Act<\/i> is unequivocal:&nbsp; no one will reduce the sovereignty of the National Assembly nor constrain the democratic will of the Quebec people to dispose of their own future.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[325]<\/b>&nbsp; <i>A priori<\/i>, il y a de quoi se poser des questions sur la port\u00e9e d&#8217;un tel article, surtout lorsque l\u2019on fait jouer la r\u00e8gle d&#8217;interpr\u00e9tation sugg\u00e9rant qu&#8217;il faille interpr\u00e9ter les dispositions d&#8217;une loi les unes par les autres.&nbsp; Nous y reviendrons plus loin, mais comme l&#8217;on sait que tout est mati\u00e8re de perception, lorsque le justiciable prend connaissance de la <i>Loi<\/i>, il s&#8217;en fait une impression et c&#8217;est parfois sur celle-ci qu&#8217;il demeure, par la suite. \u00c9videmment, le Tribunal doit aller plus loin, pour trancher un litige au sujet de la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 de cette <i>Loi<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[325]<\/b>&nbsp; <i>A priori<\/i>, there is reason to question the scope of such a section, above all when we factor in the rule of interpretation suggesting that the provisions of a law must be interpreted by one another.&nbsp; We will return to this later, but as we know that all is a matter of perception, when the litigant takes cognizance of the <i>Law<\/i>, he has an impression of it, sometimes a lasting one.&nbsp; Obviously, the Court must go further to settle a dispute about the legality of this <i>Act<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[326]<\/b>&nbsp; Maintenant que l\u2019on sait que le l\u00e9gislateur ne parle pas pour ne rien dire, abordons le fait qu&#8217;il ait ins\u00e9r\u00e9 plus de consid\u00e9rants que d&#8217;articles dans cette <i>Loi<\/i>, en guise de pr\u00e9ambule.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[326]<\/b>&nbsp; Now, since  we know the legislator does not waste words, let us consider the fact that it inserted more recitals than sections in this <i>Act<\/i>, as a preamble.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[327]<\/b>&nbsp; Cela d\u00e9montre que le contexte qui a donn\u00e9 naissance \u00e0 la Loi 99 \u00e9tait jug\u00e9 tr\u00e8s important.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[327]<\/b>&nbsp; This demonstrates that the context that gave rise to <em>Bill 99<\/em> was deemed very important.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[328]<\/b>&nbsp; D&#8217;ailleurs, il n&#8217;est pas banal de noter qu&#8217;un tel nombre de consid\u00e9rants, pour une loi aussi courte, est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne assez rare dans la l\u00e9gislation qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise.&nbsp; Nous reviendrons en d\u00e9tail sur le contenu de ceux-ci, plus loin.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[328]<\/b>&nbsp; Moreover, it is not trivial to note that such a number of recitals, for such a short law, is a quite rare phenomenon in Quebec legislation.&nbsp; We will return to this in detail, further below.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[329]<\/b>&nbsp; Tout cela profile donc le canevas dans lequel les balises de l&#8217;exercice d&#8217;une souverainet\u00e9 interne n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la gestion des affaires qu\u00e9b\u00e9coises sont <em>r\u00e9affirm\u00e9es<\/em>, <em>pr\u00e9vues<\/em> ou <em>\u00e9tablies<\/em>, selon le cas, et a pour objet de remettre les pendules \u00e0 l&#8217;heure apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9calage provoqu\u00e9 par le message transmis par le f\u00e9d\u00e9ral au provincial, au<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[329]<\/b>&nbsp; All of which therefore outlines the canvas against which the guidelines for the exercise of internal sovereignty necessary for the management of Quebec affairs are <i>reaffirmed<\/i>, <i>provided for<\/i> or <i>established<\/i>, as the case may be, and are intended to reset the clock after the setback caused by the message conveyed by the federal government to the province,<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">moyen de la <em>Loi C-20<\/em>, comme nous le verrons de ce qui se d\u00e9gage de l&#8217;analyse du long pr\u00e9ambule de la <em>Loi<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">through <em>Bill C-20<\/em>, as we shall see from what emerges from analysis of the long preamble of the <em>Act<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3.2<\/b> <b>Pr\u00e9ambule (les consid\u00e9rants)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>5.3.2<\/b> <b>Preamble (the recitals)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[330]<\/b>&nbsp; Si nous avions \u00e0 vulgariser le message qui ressort du dans tous ces consid\u00e9rants, nous le ferions de cette mani\u00e8re&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[330]<\/b>&nbsp; If we had to popularize the message that emerges from the legal language used in all these recitals, we would do it this way:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Nous existons depuis longtemps, nos caract\u00e9ristiques font de nous un peuple et nous d\u00e9tenons des droits et des pouvoirs historiques et inali\u00e9nables.&nbsp; Nos institutions d\u00e9mocratiques, qui tiennent leur l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 du peuple habitant notre territoire, sont l\u00e0 pour nous d\u00e9fendre contre toute d\u00e9marche pouvant porter atteinte \u00e0 nos droits ou \u00e0 y mettre fin.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">We have existed for a long time, our characteristics make us a people and we have historical and inalienable rights and powers.&nbsp; Our democratic institutions, which derive their legitimacy from the people living in our territory, are here to defend us against any action that could undermine or put an end to our rights.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">M\u00eame si nous faisons partie de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration canadienne, que nous savons pertinemment que cela vient avec des obligations que l&#8217;on retrouve dans la Constitution et que nous avons l&#8217;intention de la respecter, sachez que l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale d\u00e9fendra nos droits et privil\u00e8ges contre toute tentative du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral visant \u00e0 entraver le bon fonctionnement de nos institutions.&nbsp; La <em>Loi C-20<\/em> en est le meilleur exemple et elle est inacceptable, dans le contexte des droits que la Cour supr\u00eame nous a reconnus.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Although we are part of the Canadian federation, although we are quite well aware that this comes with obligations found in the Constitution and we intend to respect it, know that the National Assembly will defend our rights and privileges against any attempt by the federal government to interfere with the proper functioning of our institutions.&nbsp; <em>Bill C-20<\/em> is the best example and is unacceptable in the context of the rights that the Supreme Court has recognized to us.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">Il est donc hors de question que d&#8217;autres viennent s&#8217;immiscer dans nos affaires, qu&#8217;ils tentent de nous emp\u00eacher de choisir librement de disposer de notre avenir, qu&#8217;ils nous dictent en plus comment nous le ferons et qu&#8217;ils prennent la place des institutions qui nous gouvernent ou tentent de le faire.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">It is out of the question that others should come to interfere in our affairs, that they should try to prevent us from freely choosing to dispose of our future, that they dictate to us in addition how we will do it and that they take the place of the institutions that govern us or try to do so.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[331]<\/b>&nbsp; Pour nous, m\u00eame en sourdine, c&#8217;est le message qui r\u00e9sonne haut et fort et qui rel\u00e8ve de ce que l&#8217;on retrouve dans la constitution interne d&#8217;un \u00e9tat membre d&#8217;une f\u00e9d\u00e9ration&nbsp;<sup>141<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[331]<\/b>&nbsp; For us, even though muffled, the message resonates loud and clear and relates to what one finds in the internal constitution of a member state of a federation.<sup>141<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[332]<\/b>&nbsp; La longueur des d\u00e9bats en Commission parlementaire au sujet des consid\u00e9rants confirme l&#8217;importance du contexte et nous sommes d&#8217;accord avec la d\u00e9claration du ministre Facal quand il affirme que ces consid\u00e9rants \u00ab&nbsp;campent bien l&#8217;arri\u00e8re-plan qui justifie le Projet de Loi&nbsp;\u00bb&nbsp;<sup>142<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[332]<\/b>&nbsp; The length of the Parliamentary Committee\u2019s discussion of the recitals confirms the importance of the context and we agree with Minister Facal\u2019s statement when he affirms that these recitals \u201cestablish the backdrop of the Bill quite well.\u201d<sup>142<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[333]<\/b>&nbsp; Abordons maintenant l&#8217;une des d\u00e9signations qui d\u00e9range le plus le requ\u00e9rant, puisqu&#8217;il nie ce qu&#8217;elle sous-tend&nbsp;:&nbsp; le \u00abpeuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[333]<\/b>&nbsp; We now turn to one of the designations that disturbs the applicant the most, since he takes issue with what underpins it:&nbsp; the \u201cQuebec people.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanadacom.files.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/wingding.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"21\" height=\"12\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-320\" \/>&nbsp;\u00abLE PEUPLE QUEBECOIS&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanadacom.files.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/wingding.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"21\" height=\"12\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-320\" \/>&nbsp;\u201cTHE QUEBEC PEOPLE\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>141.<\/b> C&#8217;est d&#8217;ailleurs en substance cela que d\u00e9clare le ministre Facal, en \u00e9laborant sur les caract\u00e9ristiques et les comp\u00e9tences de l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec dans ses divers domaines de comp\u00e9tence.&nbsp; Voir <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 25 mai 2000, page 6167.&nbsp; Voir aussi les expertises du PGQ et celles du PGC, qui confirment le contenu des chartes internes de tels \u00e9tats membres de f\u00e9d\u00e9rations, ailleurs qu&#8217;au Canada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>142.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 30 mai 2000.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>141.<\/b> This, moreover, is in substance what Minister Facal states, elaborating on the characteristics and competencies of the State of Quebec in its various fields of jurisdiction.&nbsp; See <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 25, 2000, page 6167.&nbsp; See also the expertises of the AGQ and those of the AGC, which confirm the content of the internal charters of such member states of federations, elsewhere than in Canada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>142.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> of May 30th, 2000.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[334]<\/b>&nbsp; Cette d\u00e9signation est introduite pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans le titre de la <em>Loi<\/em>, dans le premier de ses consid\u00e9rants, dans quatre autres par la suite, donc dans le tiers de ceux-ci, dans le titre du premier chapitre, qui comporte le plus grand nombre d&#8217;articles, avec le deuxi\u00e8me sur l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec, et ensuite \u00e0 de nombreux endroits dans les diff\u00e9rents articles, tout particuli\u00e8rement dans tous ceux que le requ\u00e9rant conteste, \u00e0 l&#8217;exception de l&#8217;article 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[334]<\/b>&nbsp; This designation is introduced for the first time in the title of the <i>Act<\/i>, in its first recital, then in four others, thus in a third of them, in the title of the first subdivision comprising the largest number of sections, with the second on the Quebec State, and then in numerous places in the various sections, most particularly in all those the applicant contests, with the exception of Section 5.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[335]<\/b>&nbsp; Le moins que l&#8217;on puisse dire est que le message que veut faire passer le l\u00e9gislateur est tr\u00e8s cibl\u00e9 et indique une pr\u00e9occupation majeure \u00e0 ce sujet.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[335]<\/b>&nbsp; The least one can say is that the message the legislator wishes to convey is highly targeted and indicates a major concern in this regard.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[336]<\/b>&nbsp; Mais qu&#8217;est-ce donc que le gouvernement cherche \u00e0 accomplir en recourant aussi souvent \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation \u00ab&nbsp;peuple du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb dans un si petit texte de loi?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[336]<\/b>&nbsp; But then, what is the government trying to accomplish by referring so frequently to the designation, the \u201cQuebec people\u201d in so brief a text of law?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[337]<\/b>&nbsp; Se pourrait-il qu&#8217;en \u00e9dictant la <em>Loi 99<\/em>, il ait tent\u00e9 de mettre la table pour se s\u00e9parer unilat\u00e9ralement du Canada, un peu comme il a peut-\u00eatre tent\u00e9 de le faire dans les projets de loi ant\u00e9rieurs auxquels nous avons fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence auparavant?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[337]<\/b>&nbsp; Might it be that by enacting Bill 99, it had tried to set the table to unilaterally separate from Canada, much as it may have tried to do in prior bills to which we referred above?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[338]<\/b>&nbsp; La r\u00e9ponse est non.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[338]<\/b>&nbsp; The answer is no.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[339]<\/b>&nbsp; Il faut donc remettre les choses en perspective et sortir de la th\u00e8se des complots ourdis mis en \u0153uvre par les s\u00e9paratistes, afin de se ramener un instant \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 historique dans laquelle intervient cette d\u00e9signation de la population qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise dans ce texte de loi.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[339]<\/b>&nbsp; So, we must put things in perspective and throw out the theory of secret war plans put into operation by the separatists, to return for a moment to the historical reality in which this identifier of the Quebec population is set forth in this piece of legislation.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[340]<\/b>&nbsp; Tout d&#8217;abord, cette d\u00e9signation n&#8217;est pas un fait unique dans la l\u00e9gislation qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise.&nbsp; Elle y \u00e9tait auparavant.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[340]<\/b>&nbsp; First of all, this designation is not new in Quebec legislation.&nbsp; It has been used before.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[341]<\/b>&nbsp; Ainsi, si certains s&#8217;offusquent de l&#8217;utilisation d&#8217;une telle d\u00e9signation de la population du Qu\u00e9bec, il leur faut en revenir.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[341]<\/b>&nbsp; Therefore, if some are offended by the use of this designation for the population of Quebec, they should take another look at it.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[342]<\/b>&nbsp; En effet, celle-ci, et certaines de ses variantes, telles \u00ab&nbsp;Peuple du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb, ou \u00ab&nbsp;Peuple du Bas-Canada&nbsp;\u00bb, si l&#8217;on retourne encore plus loin dans le temps, ne sont donc pas nouvelles&nbsp;<sup>143<\/sup>, et pourtant, elles n&#8217;ont jamais fond\u00e9 de demande d&#8217;intervention<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[342]<\/b>&nbsp; Indeed, along with some of its variants, such as \u201cPeople of Quebec,\u201d or \u201cPeople of Lower Canada\u201d if we go even further back in time, it is not new,<sup>143<\/sup> and yet, none of them has ever been the basis of any demand for judicial intervention<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>143.<\/b> Voir le pr\u00e9ambule de la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-c-11\/derniere\/rlrq-c-c-11.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Charte de la langue fran\u00e7aise<\/i> (commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9e la loi 101), RLRQ, chap. C-11<\/u><\/a>, dans lequel \u00ab&nbsp;peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb est utilis\u00e9, le pr\u00e9ambule de la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-a-23.1\/145754\/rlrq-c-a-23.1.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Loi sur l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/i>, RLRQ, chap. A-23.1<\/u><\/a>, dans lequel le l\u00e9gislateur r\u00e9f\u00e8re \u00e0 deux reprises au \u00ab&nbsp;peuple du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb envers qui tout d\u00e9put\u00e9 doit pr\u00eater serment et dont il est le \u00ab&nbsp;d\u00e9positaire des droits et des pouvoirs historiques inali\u00e9nables \u00bb, le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-c-23.1\/120202\/rlrq-c-c-23.1.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Code d&#8217;\u00c9thique et de d\u00e9ontologie des membres de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/i>, RLRQ, chap. c-23.1<\/u><\/a>, article. 6, le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-o-7.01\/15298\/rlrq-c-o-7.01.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>R\u00e8glement sur les insignes de l&#8217;Ordre national<\/i>, RLRQ, chap. O-7.01<\/u><\/a>, article 1, o\u00f9 l&#8217;on parle du revers de la m\u00e9daille, qui comporte l&#8217;inscription de la devise de l&#8217;Ordre national du Qu\u00e9bec, soit \u00ab&nbsp;honneur au peuple du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb et la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/loisa\/lq-1996-c-21\/derniere\/lq-1996-c-21.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Loi sur le minist\u00e8re des Relations avec les citoyens et de l&#8217;Immigration et modifiant d&#8217;autres dispositions l\u00e9gislatives<\/i><\/u><\/a>, \u00e0 l&#8217;article 10, o\u00f9 l&#8217;on r\u00e9f\u00e8re au \u00ab&nbsp;peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb, RLRQ, chap. M-25.01, le d\u00e9cret 1437-99, du 15 d\u00e9cembre 1999, qui change le nom de la r\u00e9gion administrative de Qu\u00e9bec pour celle de \u00ab&nbsp;la Capitale-nationale&nbsp;\u00bb et, post\u00e9rieurement \u00e0 la <i>Loi-99<\/i>, dans d&#8217;autres lois (voir celles \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9es dans la requ\u00eate r\u00e9-amend\u00e9e de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Montr\u00e9al, par. 79 q) \u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>143.<\/b> See the preamble to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/stat\/cqlr-c-c-11\/latest\/cqlr-c-c-11.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Charter of the French Language<\/i> (commonly known as Bill 101), RLRQ, chap. C-11<\/u><\/a>, in which \u201cQu\u00e9bec people\u201d is used, the preamble to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/stat\/cqlr-c-a-23.1\/145754\/cqlr-c-a-23.1.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Act respecting the National Assembly<\/i>, CQLR, c. A-23.1<\/u><\/a>, in which the legislator refers twice to the \u201cpeople of Quebec\u201d to whom any member must take an oath and of whom he is the \u201crepository of the inalienable historical rights and powers\u201d, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/stat\/cqlr-c-c-23.1\/120202\/cqlr-c-c-23.1.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Code of Ethics and Conduct of the Members of the National Assembly,<\/i>  CQLR c C-23.1<\/u><\/a>, section 6, <i>the Insignia of the National Order<\/i>, CQLR, c. O-7.01 section 1, which mentions the flip side of the coin, which includes the motto of the <i>Ordre national du Qu\u00e9bec<\/i>, \u201chonor the people of Quebec\u201d and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/astat\/sq-1996-c-21\/122770\/sq-1996-c-21.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>An Act respecting the Minist\u00e8re des Relations avec les citoyens et de l&#8217;Immigration and amending other legislative provisions, SQ 1996, c 21<\/i><\/u><\/a>, at section 10, referring to the \u201cQuebec people\u201d, RLRQ, chap. M-25.01, Order in council 1437-99 of December 15, 1999, which changes the name of the administrative region of Quebec to that of \u201cLa Capitale-nationale\u201d and, subsequent to <i>Law 99<\/i>, in other Acts (see those listed in the re-amended Application of the Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society of Montreal, paragraph 79 (q) to<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">judiciaire pour les bannir de ces autres textes l\u00e9gislatifs au motif qu&#8217;elles seraient <em>ultra vires<\/em> des pouvoirs de la l\u00e9gislature du Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">to ban them from these other texts of law on the ground that they were <i>ultra vires<\/i> of the powers of the Quebec Legislature.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[343]<\/b>&nbsp; Pourquoi alors devient-elle soudainement d\u00e9rangeante?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[343]<\/b>&nbsp; Why, then, has it suddenly become disturbing?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[344]<\/b>&nbsp; Est-ce parce qu&#8217;elle se trouve en compagnie d&#8217;autres mots ou expressions \u00e0 saveur souverainiste dans une loi adopt\u00e9e \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les politiciens sont encore f\u00e9briles \u00e0 la suite de <em>l&#8217;Avis consultatif<\/em> de 1998, qui continue encore de faire des vagues?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[344]<\/b>&nbsp; Is it because it is found in the company of other words or expressions sovereignist in flavor in a law passed at a time when the politicians were still feverish over the 1998 <i>Advisory Opinion<\/i>, which is still making waves?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[345]<\/b>&nbsp; Possiblement.&nbsp; Mais la d\u00e9marche d&#8217;analyse ne peut se limiter qu&#8217;aux r\u00e9actions pr\u00e9liminaires que la <em>Loi 99<\/em> a pu susciter.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[345]<\/b>&nbsp; Possibly.&nbsp; But the process of analysis cannot be limited only to the preliminary reactions that <i>Bill 99<\/i> may have elicited.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[346]<\/b>&nbsp; Ainsi, lorsque le ministre Facal d\u00e9clare que cette d\u00e9signation de la population qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise dans la Loi 99 doit se comprendre dans son \u00ab&nbsp;sens civique&nbsp;\u00bb, c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire comme r\u00e9f\u00e9rant \u00e0 toute personne habitant le territoire du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;<sup>144<\/sup>, cela devrait suffire pour refroidir les ardeurs qu&#8217;elle suscite.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[346]<\/b>&nbsp; Thus, when Minister Facal states that this designation of the Quebec population in <i>Bill 99<\/i>&nbsp; must be understood in its \u201ccivic sense\u201d as referring to any person living on Quebec territory,<sup>144<\/sup> this should suffice to cool the passions it arouses.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[347]<\/b>&nbsp; Et lorsqu&#8217;il ajoute que le but derri\u00e8re ce choix de mots n&#8217;est pas de conf\u00e9rer un quelconque droit \u00e0 la s\u00e9cession au \u00ab&nbsp;peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb&nbsp;<sup>145<\/sup>, mais plut\u00f4t de \u00ab&nbsp;faire contrepoids \u00e0 une strat\u00e9gie f\u00e9d\u00e9rale qui vise pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 banaliser, voire m\u00eame, dans certaines circonstances, \u00e0 nier l&#8217;existence du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb<sup>146<\/sup>; l&#8217;intention divulgu\u00e9e a le m\u00e9rite d&#8217;\u00eatre claire.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[347]<\/b>&nbsp; And when he adds that the goal behind this choice of words is not to confer some kind of a right of secession on the \u201cQuebec people\u201d,<sup>145<\/sup> but rather \u201cto counterbalance a federal strategy aimed precisely at trivializing, or even, in certain circumstances, denying the existence of the \u201cQuebec people;\u201d<sup>146<\/sup> the intention disclosed has the virtue of being clear.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[348]<\/b>&nbsp; \u00c0 notre avis, le but de la <i>Loi 99<\/i> est bel et bien de r\u00e9affirmer des choses qui existent d\u00e9j\u00e0; le gouvernement qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois a toujours pr\u00e9tendu qu&#8217;il existait un peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, et il l&#8217;a r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 dans cette <i>Loi<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[348]<\/b>&nbsp; In our opinion, the goal of <i>Bill 99<\/i>&nbsp; is truly to reaffirm things that already exist; the Quebec government has always claimed that a Quebec people exists, and it has reaffirmed it in this <i>Law<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[349]<\/b>&nbsp; La <i>Loi 99<\/i> ne cr\u00e9e donc pas ce peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois et ne lui permet aucunement de faire s\u00e9cession sans n\u00e9gocier au pr\u00e9alable.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[349]<\/b>&nbsp; Thus, <i>Bill 99<\/i> does not create the Quebec people and in no way does it allow it to secede without first negotiating.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\">v), pour l&#8217;expression \u00ab&nbsp;peuple du Bas-Canada&nbsp;\u00bb, <i>Acte qui continue, pour un temps limit\u00e9, les provisions d&#8217;un Acte pass\u00e9 dans la quarante-uni\u00e8me Ann\u00e9e du R\u00e8gne de Sa pr\u00e9sente Majest\u00e9, intitul\u00e9<\/i>, <i>Acte pour le soulagement des personnes d\u00e9rang\u00e9es dans leur esprit, et pour le soutien des Enfans abandonn\u00e9s, The Provincial Statutes of Lower-Canada<\/i>, [Qu\u00e9bec : King&#8217;s Printer, 1804]; 44 Geo III, cap. 4; <i>Acte qui continue, pendant un temps limit\u00e9, la perception des Droits impos\u00e9s par l&#8217;Acte Provincial de la quarante-cinqui\u00e8me Ann\u00e9e de sa Majest\u00e9 George Trois, Chapitre treize, et qui fait l&#8217;application d&#8217;une certaine somme d&#8217;argent aux fins y mentionn\u00e9es<\/i>, The Provincial Statutes of Lower-Canada, Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;: P.E. Desbarats, 1811; 51 Geo III, cap. 1 ; <i>Acte qui fait une provision temporaire pour le r\u00e8glement du Commerce entre cette Province et les \u00c9tats-Unis de l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique, par terre ou par la navigation int\u00e9rieure<\/i>, The Provincial Statutes of Lower-Canada, Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;: P.E. Desbarats, 1815; 55 Geo III, cap. 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>144.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 30 mai 2000, page 8.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>145.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 30 mai 2000, page 8.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>146.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 25 mai 2000, page 6168.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\">(v), for the expression \u201cpeople of Lower Canada\u201d, an <i>Act which continues, for a limited time, provisions of an Act passed in the Forty-First Year of His Majesty&#8217;s Reign, entitled<\/i>, An Act for the relief of persons disturbed in their spirit, and for the support of abandoned children, The Provincial Statutes of Lower Canada, [Quebec: King&#8217;s Printer, 1804]; 44 Geo III, cap. 4; <i>Act which continues, for a limited time, the collection of the Dues imposed by the Provincial Act of the Forty-Fifth Year of His Majesty George Three, Chapter Thirteen, and which makes the application of a certain sum of money for the purposes mentioned<\/i>, The Provincial Statutes of Lower Canada, Quebec: P.E. Desbarats, 1811; 51 Geo III, cap. 1; <i>Act making temporary provision for the settlement of commerce between that Province and the United States of America, by land or by inland navigation<\/i>, The Provincial Statutes of Lower Canada, Quebec: P.E. Desbarats, 1815; 55 Geo III, cap. 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>144.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 30, 2000, page 8<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>145.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 30, 2000, page 30 of 53.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>146.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 25, 2000, page 6168..<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 57<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[350]<\/b>&nbsp; Pour terminer sur les desseins obscurs que certains croient se cacher derri\u00e8re l&#8217;abondante utilisation de l&#8217;expression \u00ab&nbsp;peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb, une autre d\u00e9claration du ministre Facal m\u00e9rite d&#8217;\u00eatre soulign\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[350]<\/b>&nbsp; To finish up on the obscure designs that some believe are hidden behind the abundant use of the expression \u201cQuebec people,\u201d another statement by Minister Facal is worth emphasizing.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[351]<\/b>&nbsp; En effet, lorsqu&#8217;il explique qu&#8217;il existe une distinction entre le droit \u00e0 l&#8217;autod\u00e9termination dont les peuples sont d\u00e9tenteurs et le droit \u00e0 la s\u00e9cession, qu&#8217;il d\u00e9montre savoir que ces deux choses ne sont pas des synonymes, qu&#8217;il fait ensuite un lien entre eux en r\u00e9f\u00e9rant \u00e0 ce qu&#8217;a \u00e9nonc\u00e9 la Cour supr\u00eame dans son <em>Avis consultatif<\/em> de 1998&nbsp;<sup>147<\/sup> \u00e0 leur sujet, et qu&#8217;il d\u00e9clare ensuite ceci, il nous aide \u00e0 comprendre encore un peu plus l&#8217;intention du gouvernement&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[351]<\/b>&nbsp; In effect, when he explains that there is a distinction between the right to self-determination enjoyed by peoples and the right to secession, he demonstrates that he knows these two things are not synonymous; when he then connects them by referring to what the Supreme Court said about them in its 1998 <i>Advisory Opinion<\/i>,<sup>147<\/sup> and he then states the following, he helps us to better understand the government\u2019s intention:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><u>Ce que la Cour supr\u00eame a rejet\u00e9<\/u>, <u>c&#8217;est l&#8217;id\u00e9e que le Qu\u00e9bec puisse d\u00e9tenir<\/u>, <u>en vertu du droit \u00e0 l&#8217;autod\u00e9termination<\/u>, <u>un droit de s\u00e9cession unilat\u00e9rale<\/u>, <u>c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire<\/u>, <u>selon les termes m\u00eames employ\u00e9s par la Cour<\/u>, <u>un droit de s\u00e9cession sans n\u00e9gociations pr\u00e9alables<\/u>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><u>What the Supreme Court rejected was the idea that Quebec might have<\/u>, <u>in virtue of the right to self-determination<\/u>, <u>a right of unilateral secession<\/u>, <u>meaning<\/u>, <u>to use the same words employed by the Court<\/u>, \u201c<u>the right to effectuate secession without prior negotiations<\/u>\u201d.*<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\">(&#8230;) Sur ce point, la Cour supr\u00eame n&#8217;invente rien de nouveau.&nbsp; On se souviendra que les cinq experts consult\u00e9s par l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale en 1992 en \u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 cette m\u00eame conclusion.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\">(\u2026) On this point, the Supreme Court is inventing nothing new.&nbsp; We will recall that the five experts consulted by the National Assembly in 1992 had already reached the same conclusion.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\">* <u>Note du traductrice<\/u> : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/ca\/csc\/doc\/1998\/1998canlii793\/1998canlii793.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Renvoi relatif \u00e0 la s\u00e9cession du Qu\u00e9bec<\/i>, [1998] 2 R.C.S. 217<\/u><\/a>, par. 86.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\">*&nbsp;<u>Translator&#8217;s note<\/u>:&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/ca\/scc\/doc\/1998\/1998canlii793\/1998canlii793.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><em>Reference re Secession of Quebec<\/em>, [1998] 2 S.C.R. 217<\/u><\/a>, para. 86.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><u>\u00c0 ce que je sache<\/u>, les gouvernements form\u00e9s par le Parti qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois n&#8217;ont jamais propos\u00e9 autre chose qu&#8217;une accession du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e \u00e0 la suite de n\u00e9gociations men\u00e9es d&#8217;\u00e9gal \u00e0 \u00e9gal avec le reste du Canada.&nbsp; <u>Il n&#8217;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 question d&#8217;une accession \u00e0 la souverainet\u00e9 sans n\u00e9gociations pr\u00e9alables et sans p\u00e9riode de transition<\/u>.&nbsp;<sup>148<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:80px;text-align:left;\">(<em>Nos soulignements<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:18px;text-align:left;\"><u>As far as I know<\/u>, the governments formed by the Parti Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois have never proposed anything other than the accession of Quebec to sovereignty implemented as a result of negotiations conducted on an equal footing with the rest of Canada.&nbsp; <u>There has never been any question of accession to sovereignty without prior negotiations and without a transitional period<\/u>.<sup>148<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:80px;text-align:left;\">(<em>Our underliness<\/em>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[352]<\/b>&nbsp; Y a-t-il quoi que ce soit d&#8217;inconstitutionnel du fait que l&#8217;expression \u00ab&nbsp;peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois&nbsp;\u00bb se retrouve aussi dans les articles 1, 2, 3, 4, et 13, que le requ\u00e9rant conteste?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[352]<\/b>&nbsp; Is there anything at all unconstitutional in the fact that the expression \u201cQuebec people\u201d is also found in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 13, which the applicant contests?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[353]<\/b>&nbsp; La r\u00e9ponse est non.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[353]<\/b>&nbsp; The answer is no.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[354]<\/b>&nbsp; Que le gouvernement qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, dans une loi, r\u00e9affirme l&#8217;existence du peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois est une chose, mais peut-on enfin confirmer qu&#8217;il existe pour vrai, ce peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, au sens juridique?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[354]<\/b>&nbsp; That the Quebec government, in a law, reaffirms the existence of the Quebec people is one thing, but can we in the end confirm that it exists for real, this Quebec people, in the legal sense?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[355]<\/b>&nbsp; Rappelons-nous que la Cour supr\u00eame discute de ce sujet dans quelques paragraphes de son <em>Avis consultatif<\/em> de 1998, sous l&#8217;angle du droit international, et qu&#8217;elle conclut que le Qu\u00e9bec ne satisfait pas les conditions pour \u00eatre qualifi\u00e9 de peuple opprim\u00e9 et justifi\u00e9 de faire s\u00e9cession unilat\u00e9rale sans n\u00e9gociations pr\u00e9alables, et qu&#8217;ensuite, elle consid\u00e8re ne pas avoir \u00e0 trancher le sujet qui consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer s&#8217;il existe bel et bien un peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois pour disposer des questions soumises, telles que formul\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[355]<\/b>&nbsp; Remember that the Supreme Court discussed this subject in a few paragraphs of its 1998 <i>Advisory Opinion<\/i>, from the angle of international law, and it concluded that Quebec did not satisfy the conditions to qualify as an oppressed people justified in seceding unilaterally without prior negotiations, and then it deemed it had no need to decide the question which consists in determining whether a Quebec people truly exists so as to dispose of the questions submitted, as formulated.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>147.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 25 mai 2000, page 6170 et de m\u00eame que page 6193.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>148.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em> du 25 mai 2000, page 6170.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>147.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 25, 2000, page 6170 and the same at page 6193.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>148.<\/b> <em>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/em>, May 25, 2000, page 6170.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 58<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[356]<\/b>&nbsp; C&#8217;est pour cette raison que la SSJBM nous invite \u00e0 faire un bout de chemin additionnel et nous demande de d\u00e9clarer que ce peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, il existe, afin de faire avancer le d\u00e9bat et que, dans un monde id\u00e9al, nous mettions un terme \u00e0 l&#8217;ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 qui plane sur ce sujet depuis les \u00e9nonc\u00e9s du plus haut tribunal du pays.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[356]<\/b>&nbsp; This is why the SSJBM invites us to cover a bit more road, and asks us to declare that this Quebec people exists, with a view to advancing the debate, and that, in an ideal world, we put an end to the ambiguity that has loomed over this subject since the statements of the highest court in the country.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[357]<\/b>&nbsp; Malheureusement pour elle, et probablement pour plusieurs, la SSJBM n&#8217;aura pas ce plaisir sous nos bons auspices, car c&#8217;est ici que nos routes se s\u00e9parent, sans jeux de mots, le litige, tel qu&#8217;il nous est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9, ne justifiant pas que nous nous prononcions sur cette d\u00e9licate question pour disposer du d\u00e9bat que le requ\u00e9rant a \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 nous pr\u00e9senter.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[357]<\/b>&nbsp; Unluckily for them, and likely for many, the SSJBM will not have this pleasure under our good auspices, for this is where our roads separate, no pun intended; the dispute, as presented to us, not justifying that we rule on this delicate issue in order to dispose of the debate which the Applicant was authorized to present to us.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[358]<\/b>&nbsp; En effet, que le peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois existe ou non, politiquement ou juridiquement, \u00e0 l&#8217;interne ou \u00e0 l&#8217;international, ne change absolument rien aux questions auxquelles nous devons r\u00e9pondre, lesquelles ne tournent qu&#8217;autour de l&#8217;exercice, conforme ou non, par le gouvernement qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois, de la comp\u00e9tence constitutionnelle du Qu\u00e9bec, \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re des param\u00e8tres pr\u00e9vus dans la Constitution canadienne.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[358]<\/b>&nbsp; Indeed, whether the Quebec people exists or not, politically or legally, internally or internationally, changes absolutely nothing in the questions we must answer, which only turn upon the exercise, valid or not, by the Qu\u00e9bec government, of the constitutional jurisdiction of Quebec, in light of the parameters set out in the Canadian Constitution.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[359]<\/b>&nbsp; Si la Cour supr\u00eame a jug\u00e9 sage de ne pas se prononcer sur ce sujet autrement que dans les param\u00e8tres que soulevait le <em>Renvoi<\/em>, alors que des arguments de droit international lui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis, contrairement \u00e0 nous, il serait mal venu de nous aventurer dans des eaux troubles que la Cour d&#8217;appel a pris la peine de calmer en excluant sp\u00e9cifiquement ces questions de droit international lorsqu&#8217;elle a autoris\u00e9 la SSJBM \u00e0 intervenir au litige uniquement sur le d\u00e9bat qui avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 circonscrit par les parties, qui ne portait aucunement sur du droit international, sauf aux fins de comparaisons de constitutions internes, afin de sortir du caract\u00e8re a priori insolite des dispositions contest\u00e9es et d\u00e9montrer qu&#8217;elles ne sont pas uniques, sur le plan constitutionnel.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[359]<\/b>&nbsp; If the Supreme Court found it wise not to pronounce on this subject outside the parameters raised by the <i>Reference<\/i> when arguments of international law were submitted to it, contrary to us, it would be ill-advised for us to venture into troubled waters that the Court of Appeal took care to quiet by specifically excluding these questions of international law when it authorized the SSJBM to intervene in the litigation solely on the debate already circumscribed by the parties, which in no way concerned international law, except for the purpose of comparing internal constitutions, in order to overcome the <i>a priori<\/i> unusual nature of the contested provisions and show that they are not unique in constitutional terms.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[360]<\/b>&nbsp; Dans les circonstances, la seule chose que nous puissions faire est de respecter notre devoir de r\u00e9serve, ce que la Cour supr\u00eame sugg\u00e8re aux juges d&#8217;instances que nous sommes, en vue de ne pas nuire \u00e0 de futurs d\u00e9bats.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[360]<\/b>&nbsp; In the circumstances, all we can do is to respect our duty of restraint, as the Supreme Court suggests to judges of instances such as we are, so as not to prejudice future debates.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[361]<\/b>&nbsp; Qu&#8217;en est-il maintenant de la deuxi\u00e8me d\u00e9signation qui pr\u00e9occupe le requ\u00e9rant&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec&nbsp;\u00bb ou son synonyme, \u00ab&nbsp;\u00c9tat national&nbsp;\u00bb?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[361]<\/b>&nbsp; Now, what about the second designation of concern to the applicant:&nbsp; \u201cThe Quebec State\u201d or its synonym, \u201cNational State\u201d?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[362]<\/b>&nbsp; En d\u00e9cembre 2000, lors de son adoption, la <i>Loi 99<\/i> a-t-elle cr\u00e9\u00e9 l&#8217;\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec, au sens international, ou a-t-elle mis la table pour que cela se produise \u00e9ventuellement et sans l&#8217;intervention de quiconque, ou si le l\u00e9gislateur a tout simplement choisi de d\u00e9signer la province de Qu\u00e9bec par un terme fort, afin de r\u00e9tablir le balancier qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9 par l&#8217;effet per\u00e7u de la <i>Loi C-20<\/i>?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[362]<\/b>&nbsp; In December 2000, when it was passed, did <i>Bill 99<\/i> create the Quebec State, in the international sense, or did it set the table for this to happen eventually and without anyone\u2019s intervention, or did the legislator simply choose to point to the province of Quebec by a very strong term to reset the pendulum adjusted by the perceived effect of <i>Bill C-20<\/i>?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[363]<\/b>&nbsp; Voyons ce qu&#8217;il en est.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[363]<\/b>&nbsp; Let&#8217;s see what it is about.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanadacom.files.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/wingding.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"21\" height=\"12\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-320\" \/>&nbsp;\u00abL&#8217;\u00c9TAT DU QUEBEC&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanadacom.files.wordpress.com\/2020\/01\/wingding.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"21\" height=\"12\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-320\" \/>&nbsp; \u201cTHE QUEBEC STATE\u201d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 59<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[364]<\/b>&nbsp; De la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que la d\u00e9signation pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, cette d\u00e9signation, \u00e0 caract\u00e8re inflammatoire, pour certains, se retrouve dans le titre de la <i>Loi<\/i>, dans le titre du deuxi\u00e8me chapitre, dans les deux premiers consid\u00e9rants, sous deux formes, toutefois, soit \u00ab\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb et \u00ab\u00c9tat national\u00bb, et elle est r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e dans d&#8217;autres consid\u00e9rants, la premi\u00e8re de celles-ci \u00e9tant plus populaire que la deuxi\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[364]<\/b>&nbsp; Like the previous designation, this designation, inflammatory in nature for some, is found in the title of the <i>Act<\/i>, in the title of the second subdivision, in the first two recitals, and is repeated in other recitals, in two formulations:&nbsp; either \u201cQuebec State\u201d or \u201cnational State\u201d, the first more popular than the latter.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[365]<\/b>&nbsp; Mais ce qui est le plus int\u00e9ressant, c&#8217;est qu&#8217;elle se retrouve \u00e9galement dans sept autres articles de la <i>Loi<\/i>, que le requ\u00e9rant ne conteste pas, curieusement.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[365]<\/b>&nbsp; But what is most interesting, it also is found in seven other sections of the <i>Act<\/i>, which curiously, the applicant does not contest.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[366]<\/b>&nbsp; De plus, le l\u00e9gislateur n&#8217;utilise pas que ces deux expressions pour d\u00e9signer la province de Qu\u00e9bec; les d\u00e9signations \u00able Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb et \u00abdu Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb se retrouvent assez souvent, alors qu&#8217;il aurait pu continuer d&#8217;utiliser l&#8217;\u00ab\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb, \u00e0 chaque fois.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[366]<\/b>&nbsp; Furthermore, the legislator does not use only these two terms to designate the province of Quebec; the designations \u201cQuebec\u201d and \u201cof Quebec\u201d are found quite often, when it could have continued to use the \u201cQuebec State\u201d each time.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[367]<\/b>&nbsp; Selon nous, cette fa\u00e7on d&#8217;\u00e9crire n&#8217;a rien d&#8217;un hasard et trouve tout son sens, notamment pour en trouver un \u00e0 l&#8217;article 3, que le requ\u00e9rant conteste, o\u00f9 il est question de choisir seul le r\u00e9gime politique et le statut juridique \u00abdu Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[367]<\/b>&nbsp; In our view, this manner of writing is not accidental and has its full meaning, in particular where it is found in Section 3 that the applicant contests, where it is a question of choosing alone the political regime and the legal status of \u201cQuebec\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[368]<\/b>&nbsp; \u00c0 notre avis, cela suffit pour apaiser en partie le requ\u00e9rant. En effet, en promulguant la <i>Loi 99<\/i>, le l\u00e9gislateur qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois n&#8217;a pas d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que le Qu\u00e9bec venait de passer du statut de province d&#8217;un \u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 un \u00c9tat international. La preuve en est faite que depuis plus de 17 ans, il ne s&#8217;est rien pass\u00e9 pour la mise en \u0153uvre d&#8217;un \u00e9v\u00e9nement aussi important qui se serait produit en d\u00e9cembre 2000.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[368]<\/b>&nbsp; In our view, that suffices to partially appease the applicant.&nbsp; In effect, by enacting <i>Bill 99<\/i>, the Quebec legislature has not declared that Quebec had just gone from being a province in a federated State to being an international State.&nbsp; The proof is that for over 17 years, nothing has happened to implement an event of the major scope that is alleged to have occurred in December 2000.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[369]<\/b>&nbsp; De plus, le mot \u00ab\u00e9tat\u00bb, avec un \u00abE\u00bb majuscule, se trouve d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans d&#8217;autres lois qu\u00e9b\u00e9coises pour identifier la province de Qu\u00e9bec ou son gouvernement; jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, ces autres lois n&#8217;ont pas vu leur constitutionnalit\u00e9 \u00eatre remise en cause pour ce motif<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>149<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[369]<\/b>&nbsp; Moreover, the word \u201cstate\u201d, with a capital \u201cS\u201d, is already found in other Quebec laws to identify the province of Quebec or its government; up to the present, those other laws have not seen their constitutionality challenged on that ground.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>149<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[370]<\/b>&nbsp; Est-ce alors l&#8217;effet cumulatif de ces d\u00e9signations et de celle de \u00abpeuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois\u00bb qui cause probl\u00e8me?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[370]<\/b>&nbsp; So is it the cumulative effect of these designations and of \u201cQuebec people\u201d that is causing problems?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[371]<\/b>&nbsp; Probablement pas.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[371]<\/b>&nbsp; Probably not.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[372]<\/b>&nbsp; Est-ce le fait que les deux d\u00e9signations se retrouvent dans une loi qui r\u00e9affirme des principes et des droits fondamentaux, et que tout cela pourrait avoir pour effet direct ou indirect d&#8217;imposer une \u00e9ventuelle transformation de la province de Qu\u00e9bec en \u00c9tat international du Qu\u00e9bec au reste du Canada, un jour?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[372]<\/b>&nbsp; Is it the fact that both designations are found in a law reaffirming fundamental principles and rights, and that all of this might have the direct or indirect effect of one day imposing on the rest of Canada a possible transformation of the province of Quebec into an international State?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[373]<\/b>&nbsp; Tout d\u00e9pend de ce que l&#8217;on trouve dans le reste de la <i>Loi<\/i> et du contexte.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[373]<\/b>&nbsp; All depends on what is found in the rest of the <i>Law<\/i>, and on the context.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>149.<\/b>&nbsp; Voir \u00e0 titre d&#8217;exemple les articles 75 et suivants du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-c-25.01\/derniere\/rlrq-c-c-25.01.html\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Code de proc\u00e9dure civile<\/i><\/u><\/a> et l&#8217;article 54 de la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/fr\/qc\/legis\/lois\/rlrq-c-c-12\/derniere\/rlrq-c-c-12.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Charte des droits et libert\u00e9s de la personne<\/i><\/u><\/a>, pour ne nommer que ceux-l\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>149.<\/b>&nbsp; See, for example, sections 75 <i>et seq.<\/i> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/stat\/cqlr-c-c-25.01\/latest\/cqlr-c-c-25.01.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Code of Civil Procedure<\/i><\/u><\/a> and section 54 of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/qc\/laws\/stat\/cqlr-c-c-12\/latest\/cqlr-c-c-12.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms<\/i>, CQLR c C-12<\/u><\/a>, just to name two.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[374]<\/b>&nbsp; Lors des d\u00e9bats parlementaires, le ministre Facal explique que ce choix de mots n&#8217;est pas nouveau, puisque cette d\u00e9signation \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 utilis\u00e9e du temps de Jean Lesage et de Daniel Johnson, p\u00e8re. Il soutient que ces mots ne lui semblent pas \u00e9trangers au contexte f\u00e9d\u00e9ratif, qui implique un partage de souverainet\u00e9s, par d\u00e9finition, ainsi que l&#8217;\u00e9galit\u00e9 des \u00e9tats membres.&nbsp; Il ajoute qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y a pas lieu d&#8217;y voir l\u00e0 \u00abune manigance souverainiste\u00bb<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>150<\/sup><\/span>, ce qui n&#8217;est pas banal.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[374]<\/b>&nbsp; In the parliamentary debates, Minister Facal explains that this choice of words is not new, for this designation was already in use at the time of Jean Lesage and Daniel Johnson, Sr.&nbsp; He maintains that to him these words do not seem foreign to the federal context, which implies a sharing of sovereignty, by definition, as well as the equality of the member states.&nbsp; He adds, which is not trivial, that there is no need to see in this \u201ca sovereignist plot\u201d.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>150<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[375]<\/b>&nbsp; Il ajoute m\u00eame que ces mots doivent \u00eatre compris dans leur sens politique \u00abpour l&#8217;exercice de sa souverainet\u00e9 <u>interne<\/u> (celle du Qu\u00e9bec)\u00bb et qu&#8217;ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 choisis pour indiquer au peuple qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois que ce dernier poss\u00e8de \u00ab<u>chez lui<\/u>, le contr\u00f4le des leviers majeurs de son d\u00e9veloppement\u00bb<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>151<\/sup><\/span>.&nbsp; Pour clore le d\u00e9bat, il confirme sans d\u00e9tour que ces expressions ne conf\u00e8rent pas au Qu\u00e9bec la qualification d&#8217;\u00c9tat, au sens international<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>152<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[375]<\/b>&nbsp; He even adds that these words must be understood in their political sense \u201cfor the exercise of its <u>internal<\/u> sovereignty (that of Quebec)\u201d and that they were chosen to indicate to the Quebec people that it possesses \u201c<u>on its soil<\/u>, control of the major levers of its development\u201d.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>151<\/sup><\/span>&nbsp; To close the debate, he directly confirms that these expressions do not give to Quebec the quality of a State in the international sense.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>152<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[376]<\/b>&nbsp; Voil\u00e0 donc pourquoi tout est une affaire de contexte.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[376]<\/b>&nbsp; That is why all is a matter of context.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[377]<\/b>&nbsp; Selon nous, l&#8217;intention communiqu\u00e9e au sujet de l&#8217;utilisation des d\u00e9signations \u00ab\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb et sa variante \u00ab\u00c9tat national\u00bb est limpide et ces d\u00e9signations ne sauraient justifier une d\u00e9claration d\u2019\u00efnconstitutionnalit\u00e9 des articles dans lesquels elles se retrouvent.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[377]<\/b>&nbsp; In our opinion, the intention communicated regarding the use of the designations \u201cQuebec State\u201d and its variant, \u201cNational State,\u201d is clear and these designations cannot justify a declaration of unconstitutionality of the sections in which they are found.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[378]<\/b>&nbsp; Le fait que \u00ab\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb se retrouve \u00e0 l&#8217;alin\u00e9a 1 de l&#8217;article 5, que le requ\u00e9rant conteste, ne change rien \u00e0 notre conclusion.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[378]<\/b>&nbsp; The fact that \u201cQuebec State\u201d is found in paragraph 1 of Section 5, which the applicant contests, does not alter our conclusion.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[379]<\/b>&nbsp; Nous reviendrons toutefois plus loin sur les caract\u00e9ristiques particuli\u00e8res du premier alin\u00e9a de l&#8217;article 5, sous un autre angle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[379]<\/b>&nbsp; We will nonetheless come back later to the specific features of the first paragraph of Section 5, from another angle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[380]<\/b>&nbsp; Mais pour le moment, il est essentiel de rappeler que dans son <i>Avis consultatif<\/i> de 1998, la Cour supr\u00eame \u00e9crit que la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration canadienne implique un partage \u00e9gal de plusieurs souverainet\u00e9s entre diff\u00e9rents \u00e9tats f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9s et qu&#8217;il n&#8217;existe aucune hi\u00e9rarchie entre les diff\u00e9rents ordres de gouvernement.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[380]<\/b>&nbsp; But for the moment, it is essential to recall that in its 1998 <i>Advisory Opinion<\/i>, the Supreme Court wrote that the Canadian federation implies an equal division of a number of sovereignties among different federated states and that no hierarchy exists between the different levels of government.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[381]<\/b>&nbsp; Tout cela explique pourquoi le gouvernement provincial a jug\u00e9 qu&#8217;il pouvait une fois de plus utiliser la d\u00e9signation \u00ab\u00c9tat du Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb et ses variantes dans une autre loi qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[381]<\/b>&nbsp; All of this explains why the provincial government decided that it could once again utilize the designation &#8220;Quebec State&#8221; and its variants in another Quebec law.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[382]<\/b>&nbsp; L&#8217;utilisation de ces d\u00e9signations, de mani\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire ou combin\u00e9e, avec celles \u00abdu Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb et \u00able Qu\u00e9bec\u00bb, suffit pour conclure que le l\u00e9gislateur r\u00e9f\u00e8re \u00e0 la province de Qu\u00e9bec, un \u00e9tat parmi plusieurs autres au sein de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration, et non \u00e0 un \u00c9tat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[382]<\/b>&nbsp; The use of these designations, at random or in combination with \u201cof Quebec\u201d and \u201cQuebec\u201d, suffices to conclude that the legislator is referring to the province of Quebec, one among several other states within the federation, and not to a State<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>150.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i> du 25 mai, page 6169, du 30 mai, page 30 sur 53 (version remise par le PGC au juge C\u00f4t\u00e9).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>151.<\/b>&nbsp; Nos soulignements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>152.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i> du 25 mai 2000, page 6169.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>150.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i>, May 25, page 6169, May 30, page 30 of 53 (version provided by the AGC to Justice C\u00f4t\u00e9).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>151.<\/b>&nbsp; Our underlining.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>152.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i> of May 25, 2000, page 6169.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">ind\u00e9pendant du reste du Canada ou susceptible de le devenir d&#8217;office, sur simple d\u00e9claration unilat\u00e9rale d&#8217;ind\u00e9pendance.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">independent of the rest of Canada or likely to become so by a simple unilateral declaration of independence.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[383]<\/b>&nbsp; Mais cela laisse tout de m\u00eame entendre que personne ne viendra jouer dans ses plates-bandes.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[383]<\/b>&nbsp; But, all the same, it lets it be understood that no one will come to play in its flower beds.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[384]<\/b>&nbsp; Il n&#8217;y a donc ici aucune violation des pouvoirs que la <i>Constitution<\/i> canadienne conf\u00e8re \u00e0 la province de Qu\u00e9bec, puisqu&#8217;en utilisant ces mots, le l\u00e9gislateur qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e9labore divers \u00e9l\u00e9ments de sa constitution interne dans la <i>Loi 99<\/i>, et qu&#8217;il a tout \u00e0 fait le droit de se consid\u00e9rer comme un \u00c9tat pour cette fin, puisqu&#8217;il en est un, tant politiquement que juridiquement, \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur des param\u00e8tres expos\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[384]<\/b>&nbsp; There is therefore no violation here of the powers conferred on the province of Quebec by the Canadian <i>Constitution<\/i>, since, by using these words, the Quebec legislator elaborates in <i>Bill 99<\/i> various elements of its internal constitution, and it has every right to consider itself a State for this purpose, for it is one, both politically and legally, within the parameters set out.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[385]<\/b>&nbsp; Le fait qu&#8217;il ajoute une majuscule \u00e0 ce mot et un identifiant (du Qu\u00e9bec), pour se distinguer des autres \u00e9tats qui font partie de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration canadienne n&#8217;a rien d&#8217;inconstitutionnel.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[385]<\/b>&nbsp; The fact that it adds a capital letter to this word, and an identifier (of Quebec), to distinguish itself from other states that are a part of the Canadian federation is not unconstitutional.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[386]<\/b>&nbsp; Cette d\u00e9signation, qui n&#8217;est pas nouvelle, ne permet pas de conclure express\u00e9ment, ni par implication n\u00e9cessaire, que le l\u00e9gislateur venait de cr\u00e9er un \u00c9tat ind\u00e9pendant ou qu&#8217;il avait plant\u00e9 la graine pour qu&#8217;un \u00c9tat en devenir se d\u00e9veloppe un jour, en passant, s&#8217;il le faut, par une d\u00e9claration unilat\u00e9rale d&#8217;ind\u00e9pendance, au sens o\u00f9 la Cour supr\u00eame d\u00e9crit la dissociation d&#8217;un \u00e9tat membre d&#8217;une entit\u00e9 f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9e, c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire <u>sans<\/u> n\u00e9gociations pr\u00e9alables.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[386]<\/b>&nbsp; This designation, which is not new, does not allow it to be concluded expressly or by necessary implication, that the legislator had just created an independent State or that it had planted a seed so a developing State might one day casually become one through a unilateral declaration of independence, in the sense that the Supreme Court describes the dissociation of a member state from a federated entity, meaning without prior negotiations.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[387]<\/b>&nbsp; Un mot maintenant sur le bloc de consid\u00e9rants 3 \u00e0 7, car ils sont de nature \u00e0 rassurer le lecteur sur les intentions du l\u00e9gislateur.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[387]<\/b> A word now concerning the block of recitals from 3 to 7, since they are likely to reassure the reader about the intentions of the legislator.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[388]<\/b>&nbsp; Dans ces consid\u00e9rants, le Qu\u00e9bec reconna\u00eet faire partie de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration canadienne et confirme qu&#8217;il souhaite respecter les droits et libert\u00e9s de la personne, les droits des minorit\u00e9s et qu&#8217;il ne veut exclure personne qui ne soit pas de langue fran\u00e7aise.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[388]<\/b>&nbsp; In these recitals, Quebec recognizes that it is part of the Canadian federation and confirms that it wishes to respect the rights and freedoms of the individual, the rights of minorities and does not want to exclude anyone who is not French-speaking.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[389]<\/b>&nbsp; Ce 3<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rant confirme aussi que le Qu\u00e9bec ne s&#8217;est pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 autoproclam\u00e9 \u00c9tat ind\u00e9pendant en adoptant la <i>Loi 99<\/i>, car l\u2019on ne peut \u00e0 la fois d\u00e9clarer faire partie du Canada et \u00eatre un \u00c9tat ind\u00e9pendant, au sens du droit international.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[389]<\/b>&nbsp; This 3rd recital also confirms that Quebec has not already unilaterally proclaimed itself an independent State by adopting <i>Bill 99<\/i>, for one cannot at the same time declare oneself a part of Canada and be an independent State in the sense of international law.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[390]<\/b>&nbsp; Viennent ensuite les 8<sup>e<\/sup> et 9<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rants, qui r\u00e9it\u00e8rent tout simplement que le Qu\u00e9bec applique le principe de d\u00e9mocratie populaire depuis plus de 150 ans sans que personne ne s&#8217;en soit formalis\u00e9 jusque-l\u00e0 et ne soit intervenu pour imposer ses vues sur la mani\u00e8re dont il aurait d\u00fb ou devrait mettre ce principe en \u0153uvre.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[390]<\/b>&nbsp; Then come the 8th and 9th recitals, which quite simply reiterate that Quebec has applied the principle of popular democracy for over 150 years without anyone\u2019s objecting until now and intervening to impose his views on how it should have or ought to implement this principle.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[391]<\/b>&nbsp; Selon nous, le 9<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rant est l&#8217;un des plus clairs quant au message du gouvernement qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e0 l&#8217;intention du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et des autres provinces&nbsp;: il est en r\u00e9action au contenu de la <i>Loi C-20<\/i> et est d&#8217;ailleurs suivi de pr\u00e8s par le 11<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rant.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[391]<\/b>&nbsp; In our opinion, the 9th recital is one of the clearest in terms of the Quebec government&#8217;s message to the federal government and the other provinces:&nbsp; it is in reaction to the content of <i>Bill C-20<\/i> and is moreover closely followed by the 11th recital.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[392]<\/b>&nbsp; Maintenant, le fait que le 10<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rant r\u00e9f\u00e8re \u00e0 un fait historique \u00e0 teneur juridique est-il probl\u00e9matique?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[392]<\/b>&nbsp; Now, is the fact that the 10th recital refers to an historical fact of a legal type problematic?<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[393]<\/b>&nbsp; La r\u00e9ponse est non.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[393]<\/b>&nbsp; The answer is no.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[394]<\/b>&nbsp; Et lorsque les parlementaires pr\u00e9cisent que la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 historique \u00e0 laquelle ce consid\u00e9rant fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 incluse dans une r\u00e9solution unanime de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale autorisant une modification \u00e0 l&#8217;article 93 de la <i>Constitution<\/i>, ainsi que dans le pr\u00e9ambule de la <i>Loi 150<\/i>, en 1991<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>153<\/sup><\/span>, et cela, sans que personne n&#8217;y ait vu de menace, nous ne voyons pas pourquoi le fait de r\u00e9it\u00e9rer ce fait est susceptible de faire na\u00eetre un projet de s\u00e9cession unilat\u00e9rale.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[394]<\/b>&nbsp; And when the parliamentarians point out that the historical reality to which this recital refers has already been included in a unanimous resolution of the National Assembly authorizing an amendment to Section 93 of the <i>Constitution<\/i>, and to the preamble of the <i>Law 150<\/i> in 1991,<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>153<\/sup><\/span> and this without anyone\u2019s having seen any threat in it, we do not see why reiterating this fact is likely to give birth to a project of unilateral secession.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[395]<\/b>&nbsp; Le 11<sup>e<\/sup> consid\u00e9rant confirme que la <i>Loi 99<\/i> intervient en r\u00e9action \u00e0 la <i>Loi C-20<\/i>.&nbsp; M\u00eame si le PGQ semble minimiser ce fait en soulignant qu&#8217;un seul des quinze consid\u00e9rants r\u00e9f\u00e8re \u00e0 la <i>Loi C-20<\/i>, nous croyons que cela ne rend pas tout \u00e0 fait justice \u00e0 l&#8217;ampleur de ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 dit durant les d\u00e9bats parlementaires en ce qui a trait au r\u00f4le central de la <i>Loi C-20 joue dans la d\u00e9cision d&#8217;adopter la <i>Loi 99<\/i> et dans son contenu.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[395]<\/b>&nbsp; The 11th recital confirms that <i>Bill 99<\/i> is a reaction to <i>Bill C-20<\/i>.&nbsp; Although the Attorney General of Quebec seems to minimize this fact by pointing out that only one of the fifteen recitals refers to <i>Bill C-20<\/i>, we believe that this does not do justice to the scope of what was said during the parliamentary debates on the central role that <i>Bill C-20<\/i> plays in the decision to pass <i>Bill 99<\/i> and its contents.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[396]<\/b>&nbsp; \u00c0 la simple lecture des mots utilis\u00e9s, l\u2019on comprend que le gouvernement qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois per\u00e7oit que le f\u00e9d\u00e9ral porte atteinte \u00e0 la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9, l&#8217;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 et le bon fonctionnement des institutions d\u00e9mocratiques \u00abnationales\u00bb du Qu\u00e9bec et qu&#8217;il y a lieu de le rabrouer fermement pour avoir daign\u00e9 lui marcher sur les pieds.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[396]<\/b>&nbsp; Simply by reading the words utilized, we understand that the Quebec government perceives that the federal government is undermining the legitimacy, integrity and proper functioning of the \u201cnational\u201d democratic institutions of Quebec and that there is motive to firmly rebuff it for having deigned to step on its toes.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[397]<\/b>&nbsp; Les d\u00e9bats parlementaires confirment que c&#8217;est <i>le consid\u00e9rant<\/i> qui identifie le mal \u00e0 curer, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que par la <i>Loi C-20<\/i>, le f\u00e9d\u00e9ral tente de \u00abverrouiller\u00bb le droit des Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de faire des choix, comme l&#8217;a illustr\u00e9 le d\u00e9put\u00e9 C\u00f4t\u00e9, en Commission parlementaire<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>154<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[397]<\/b>&nbsp; The parliamentary debates confirm that <i>it is this recital<\/i>&nbsp; that identifies the evil to be cured, given that through <i>Bill C-20<\/i>, the federal government is attempting to \u201cpadlock\u201d the right of Quebecers to make choices, as illustrated by MNA C\u00f4t\u00e9 in Parliamentary Committee.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>154<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[398]<\/b>&nbsp; Ce consid\u00e9rant, qui fait aussi dire ceci au ministre Facal, ne laisse subsister aucune ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 sur le but de la <i>Loi 99<\/i>, quant \u00e0 nous:<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">(&#8230;) Et je n&#8217;ai pas, je crois, besoin de rappeler ce que de ce c\u00f4t\u00e9-ci nous pensons d&#8217;une loi f\u00e9d\u00e9rale qui vise \u00e0 donner \u00e0 la Chambre des communes le droit de juger de la clart\u00e9 d&#8217;une question avant m\u00eame que l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale ne l&#8217;ait adopt\u00e9e, qui veut donner \u00e0 la Chambre des communes le pouvoir d&#8217;exclure \u00e0 l&#8217;avance les questions portant sur les dimensions partenariales et qui veut r\u00e9server \u00e0 la Chambre des communes l&#8217;autorit\u00e9 de fixer<em> a posteriori<\/em> et \u00e0 son gr\u00e9 la majorit\u00e9 absolue<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>155<\/sup><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[398]<\/b>&nbsp; This recital, which also says as much to Minister Facal, leaves no ambiguity for us as to the purpose of <i>Bill 99<\/i>:<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">(&#8230;) And I do not need, I think, to call to mind what we on this side think of a federal law that aims to give the House of Commons the right to judge the clarity of a question even before the National Assembly has adopted it, which seeks to give the House of Commons the power to exclude in advance issues relating to partnership dimensions and which seeks to reserve to the House of Commons the authority <i>a posteriori<\/i> and at its discretion to determine the absolute majority.<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>155<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">__________<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n  <span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>153.<\/b>&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/my.pcloud.com\/publink\/show?code=XZ5JTBkZ0tETKqVhT5Q7TC0iiwLv27xfvJOy\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u><i>Loi sur le processus de d\u00e9termination de l&#8217;avenir politique et constitutionnel du Qu\u00e9bec<\/i><\/u><\/a>, L.Q. 1991, c. 34.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>154.<\/b>&nbsp; Du comt\u00e9 de Dubuc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>155.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i> du 30 mai 2000, page 21 de 53.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;background:#edf3f4;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>153.<\/b>&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/my.pcloud.com\/publink\/show?code=XZTFTBkZEOYUrqwLebfCiOMYis4v2RDUG4JV\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><u>An Act respecting the process for determining the political and constitutional future of Quebec, SQ 1991, c. 34).<\/u><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>154.<\/b>&nbsp; From the County of Dubuc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:16px;\"><b>155.<\/b>&nbsp; <i>Journal des d\u00e9bats<\/i>, May 30, 2000, page 21 of 53.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>500-05-065031-013<\/b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PAGE 63<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[399]<\/b>&nbsp; Le commentaire additionnel, formul\u00e9 le m\u00eame jour \u00e0 la fin des d\u00e9bats<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>156<\/sup><\/span>, pouvait susciter une certaine inqui\u00e9tude, mais une fois remis dans le contexte d\u00e9crit aux paragraphes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, celle-ci s&#8217;amenuise:<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">\u00ab\u00c0 partir du moment o\u00f9 on subordonne le droit des qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois \u00e0 d\u00e9cider de leur avenir \u00e0 la formule d&#8217;amendement de 1982, en substance, ce qu&#8217;on dit, c&#8217;est qu&#8217;on reconna\u00eet \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00eele du Prince-\u00c9douard&nbsp;\u2014 120000 habitants&nbsp;\u2014, <u>le droit de bloquer le droit des qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de choisir leur avenir<\/u>\u00bb <sup>157<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:60px;text-align:left;\">(<i>Nos soulignements<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[399]<\/b>&nbsp; The additional comment, made the same day at the end of the debates,<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>156<\/sup><\/span> might have aroused some anxiety, but once put into the context described in the preceding paragraphs, it diminishes:<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p style=\"padding-left:20px;text-align:left;\">\u201cFrom the moment we subordinate the right of Quebecers to decide their future to the 1982 amending formula, in essence, what we are saying is that we recognize to Prince Edward Island&nbsp;\u2014120,000 inhabitants&nbsp;\u2014, <u>the right to block the right of Quebecers to choose their future<\/u>.\u201d<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup>157<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left:60px;text-align:left;\">(<i>Our underlines<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.2pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[400]<\/b>&nbsp; C&#8217;est ce qui explique pourquoi les 12<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup><sup>e<\/sup><\/span> et 13<span style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:11px;\"><sup><sup>e<\/sup><\/span> consid\u00e9rants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ins\u00e9r\u00e9s dans le pr\u00e9ambule.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"491\" valign=\"top\" style='width:368.25pt;padding:0 5.4pt;'>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><b>[400]<\/b>&nbsp; That explains why the 12th and 13th recitals were inserted into the preamble.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nCONTINUED:&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/henderson-v-attorney-general-of-quebec-18-april-2018-qccs-1586-canlii-paragraphs-401-500\/\" title=\"Henderson v. Attorney General of Quebec, 18 April 2018 QCCS 1586 (CanLII) \u2014 Paragraphs 401-500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>PARAGRAPHS 401-500<\/u><\/a>.<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download PDF HABEAS CORPUS CANADA The Official Legal Challenge To North American Union QUEBEC IS BEING USED TO DISMANTLE CANADA INTO CITY-STATES IN THE NORTH AMERICAN REGION Henderson c. Procureure g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Qu\u00e9bec 2018 QCCS 1586 PARAGRAPHS 300-400 PREVIOUS PARAGRAPHS 201-299 L&#8217;HONORABLE CLAUDE DALLAIRE,J.C.S. THE HONORABLE CLAUDE DALLAIRE,J.S.C. FRENCH ORIGINAL NON-OFFICIAL ENGLISH 5.3&nbsp; ETUDE DE&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/henderson-v-attorney-general-of-quebec-18-april-2018-qccs-1586-canlii-paragraphs-300-400\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;Henderson v. Attorney General of Quebec, 18 April 2018 QCCS 1586 (CanLII)&nbsp;\u2014 Paragraphs 300-400&rdquo;<\/span> &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/112"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":114,"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/112\/revisions\/114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/habeascorpuscanada.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}